ポイント1: Giving/Receiving (Objects - Part 1)
The giver (not me) は/が + recipient (me, my family, or my group) に + object を + くれます. Honorific: くださいます.
ポイント1: Giving/Receiving (Objects - Part 1)
Recipient (including me) は/が + giver (not me) に/から + object を + もらいます. Humble form: いただきます.
ポイント1: Giving/Receiving (Objects - Part 2)
Giver は/が + recipient に + object を + さしあげます／あげます／やります. さしあげます is the humble form of あげます, used when the giver is on one’s own side and the recipient deserves respect. やります is casual and is now mainly used for animals or tending plants; toward people it may sound rough or condescending.
ポイント2: Giving/Receiving (Actions - Part 1)
The doer (not me) は/が + beneficiary (me, my family, or my group) に/を/の～を + Vてくれます. Honorific: Vてくださいます. Often conveys gratitude toward the person who did something for us.
ポイント2: Giving/Receiving (Actions - Part 2)
The beneficiary (me) は/が + doer (not me) に + (~)を + Vてもらいます. Humble form: Vていただきます. Often expresses gratitude.
ポイント2: Giving/Receiving (Actions - Part 3)
Doer は/が + beneficiary に/を/の～を + Vてさしあげます／Vてあげます／Vてやります. ～てさしあげます is humble, but saying it directly to the beneficiary can still emphasize one’s favor. ～てあげます presents an action as benefiting another person and may sound patronizing, so do not overuse it. ～てやります is casual and now mainly used for animals or plants; toward people it can sound rough or superior.
