ポイント1: 他動詞 vs 自動詞 (Transitive vs Intransitive Verbs)
Meaning: A transitive verb expresses an action actively performed by a subject.
There is an agent causing the action and usually an object affected by it, commonly marked by 「を」.
ポイント1: 他動詞 vs 自動詞 (Transitive vs Intransitive Verbs)
Meaning: An intransitive verb expresses an action, existence, or change without acting directly on an object. The subject is usually marked by 「が/は」, and the verb takes no direct object marked by 「を」 (excluding locative/path 「を」).
ポイント2: 「する」と「なる」 (する vs なる)
Transitive - する: Make something become a certain state, quality, or form.
N / Aな: ~を~にする
Aい: ~を~くする
ポイント2: 「する」と「なる」 (する vs なる)
Intransitive - なる: Something changes or becomes a certain state, quality, or form by itself.
N / Aな: ~になる
Aい: ~くなる
ポイント3: 「〜てある」と「〜ている」 (〜てある vs 〜ている)
Indicates a remaining state resulting from an action performed intentionally.
It is commonly used with transitive verbs.
ポイント3: 「〜てある」と「〜ている」 (〜てある vs 〜ている)
Indicates a state remaining as the result of an event, whether intentional or not.
It is commonly used with intransitive verbs.