好む
prefer; like
→ She prefers spicy food to sweet food.
嫌う
dislike; hate
→ Children often dislike green peppers.
願う
wish; hope; pray; request
→ I sincerely pray for world peace.
甘える
act spoiled; depend on someone's kindness
→ My younger sister is the youngest child and often acts spoiled with our mother.
かわいがる
cherish; be fond of; dote on
→ My grandfather dotes on his first grandchild.
気付く
notice; realize
→ I was called from behind, but I did not notice at all.
疑う
doubt; suspect
→ The police suspect that he may be the culprit.
苦しむ
suffer; be in pain
→ He has been suffering from illness for a long time.
悲しむ
grieve; feel sad
→ I grieved over parting with my friend.
がっかりする
be disappointed
→ I was disappointed because I failed the exam.
励ます
encourage; cheer up
→ I encouraged my depressed friend.
頷く
nod
→ He nodded many times while listening to me.
張り切る
be enthusiastic; be eager
→ His new job has started, and he is very enthusiastic.
威張る
act arrogantly; throw one's weight around
→ That person becomes arrogant as soon as his status rises.
怒鳴る
shout; yell angrily
→ My father yelled at me loudly.
暴れる
act violently; rampage
→ I dislike people who get drunk and become violent.
しゃがむ
squat; crouch
→ The children were squatting on the road playing a game.
退く
move aside; get out of the way
→ “It is dangerous, so please move back inside the white line.”
退ける
move; remove; get something out of the way
→ I moved the trash lying on the road out of the way.
被る
put on one's head; suffer; incur
→ It was cold outside, so I put on a hat before going out.
被せる
cover; put over; shift blame onto
→ I covered the food with plastic wrap and put it in the refrigerator.
かじる
bite; nibble; have a smattering of
→ The child is biting into a whole apple.
撃つ
shoot; fire
→ The police officer shot the criminal with a pistol.
漕ぐ
pedal; row
→ I cycle to school every morning.
敷く
spread; lay
→ I laid out a futon for the guest.
注ぐ
pour
→ Please pour tea for the guest.
配る
distribute; hand out
→ The teacher handed out the test papers.
放る
throw; toss; leave alone
→ You must not throw garbage on the street.
掘る
dig; excavate
→ I dug a hole in the garden and planted a tree.
撒く
scatter; sprinkle; sow
→ I sowed vegetable seeds in the field.
測る・計る・量る
measure; time; weigh
→ I measured my height and weight at school.
占う
tell fortunes; divine
→ I checked today's fortune on a morning TV program.
引っ張る
pull; drag; lead
→ I walked while pulling the child's hand.
突く
poke; thrust; stab
→ During the quarrel, I shoved the other person's chest.
突き当たる
come to the end; run into
→ Go straight down this road and you will come to a large street.
立ち止まる
stop walking; come to a halt
→ I met an acquaintance on the street and stopped to talk.
近寄る
approach; come near
→ That person looks scary, so it is better not to approach.
横切る
cross; cut across
→ A black cat crossed the road.
転ぶ
fall down; tumble
→ I slipped and fell on the snowy road.
躓く
stumble; trip
→ I tripped over a stone on the road and almost fell.
ひく
run over; hit with a vehicle
→ He was hit by a car and seriously injured.
溺れる
drown; be addicted to
→ I fell into the river and was rescued when I was about to drown.
痛む
ache; hurt
→ My decayed tooth aches badly.
かかる
contract; catch a disease
→ In winter, more people catch influenza.
酔う
get drunk; get motion sickness; be intoxicated
→ I drank too much and became very drunk.
吐く
vomit; exhale
→ I felt sick and vomited everything I had eaten.
診る
examine a patient
→ I had the doctor examine me for a fever.
見舞う
visit someone ill; strike; hit
→ I went to visit my hospitalized friend.
勤める
work for; be employed by
→ My older brother works for an IT company.
稼ぐ
earn; make money
→ I work part-time to earn money for university tuition.
支払う
pay
→ I pay for the goods by card.
受け取る
receive; accept
→ I received the parcel at the post office.
払い込む
pay in; deposit payment
→ I paid this month's rent through the bank.
払い戻す
refund; reimburse
→ The train stopped running, so I got my ticket refunded.
引き出す
withdraw; pull out; draw out
→ I was short of living expenses, so I withdrew money from the bank.
もうかる
be profitable; make money
→ This business has only just started, but it is already very profitable.
もうける
make a profit; earn; have a child
→ I heard he made a profit of one million yen from stocks.
落ち込む
drop; decline; feel depressed
→ The economy worsened and sales dropped sharply.
売れる
sell; sell well
→ This new snack is selling very well among young people.
売り切れる
sell out
→ Tickets for the popular concert sold out immediately after going on sale.
くっ付く
stick to; adhere; cling
→ The magnets stuck together.
くっ付ける
stick; attach; glue
→ I glued the broken plate back together.
固まる
harden; solidify; gather
→ It takes time for the cement to harden.
固める
harden; solidify; strengthen
→ Add gelatin to juice, chill it, and let it set to make jelly.
縮む
shrink
→ This sweater shrank after washing.
縮まる
narrow; shorten
→ In the marathon, the gap with the leading runner has narrowed.
縮める
shorten; reduce
→ The skirt was too long, so I shortened it a little.
沈む
sink; set; feel depressed
→ The ship sank in the sea because of the typhoon.
沈める
sink something
→ They sank the enemy ship with a cannon.
下がる
go down; fall; drop
→ After taking medicine, my fever went down a little.
下げる
lower; reduce
→ The room was hot, so I lowered the air-conditioner temperature a little.
転がる
roll; tumble
→ The ball rolled down the slope.
転がす
roll something
→ In bowling, you roll the ball to knock down the pins.
傾く
tilt; lean; decline
→ The house tilted slightly because of the earthquake.
傾ける
tilt; incline; devote
→ He listened carefully to what I said.
裏返す
turn inside out; turn over
→ When drying a sweater, it is better to turn it inside out.
散らかる
be messy; be scattered
→ I am busy, so the room remains messy.
散らかす
make a mess; scatter
→ The child scattered toys around the room.
散らばる
scatter; be scattered
→ When I dropped my bag, the contents scattered all over the road.
刻む
chop; carve; engrave
→ Finely chop the onion and add it to the hamburger.
挟まる
get caught; be wedged
→ My bag got caught in the train door.
挟む
insert; sandwich; interrupt
→ I put a bookmark in the book.
つぶれる
collapse; be crushed; go bankrupt
→ The house collapsed because of the typhoon.
つぶす
crush; smash; waste time
→ Mash the boiled potatoes to make a salad.
凹む
dent; become depressed
→ I hit the car and the door became slightly dented.
解ける
come undone; loosen
→ My shoelaces came undone while I was walking.
解く
untie; undo
→ It is fun to untie the ribbon on a present.
枯れる
wither; dry up
→ I forgot to water the flowers, so they withered.
枯らす
cause to wither
→ While I was away on a trip, I let my plants wither.
傷む
spoil; become damaged
→ Food spoils easily in summer, so please be careful.
湿る
be damp; become moist
→ The rainy days continue, so the laundry remains damp.
凍る
freeze
→ On a cold morning, the water in the pond was frozen.
震える
tremble; shiver
→ My hands trembled from the cold.
輝く
shine; sparkle
→ The stars are shining brightly in the night sky.
溢れる
overflow; be full of
→ The river nearly overflowed because of the heavy rain.
余る
remain; be left over
→ I cooked too much rice, so a lot was left over.
目立つ
stand out; be noticeable
→ She stood out because she was wearing a red dress.
見下ろす
look down; look down on
→ I looked down at the city from the roof of the building.
戦う・闘う
fight; battle
→ Everyone fought together for the team's victory.
敗れる
be defeated; lose
→ We were defeated by the rival team in the match.
逃げる
run away; escape
→ The criminal escaped from the police.
逃がす
let escape; miss
→ I released the fish I had caught back into the river.
戻る
return; go back
→ I forgot something, so I went back home.
戻す
put back; return; vomit
→ Please return the scissors to their original place.
はまる(嵌る)
fit; get stuck; become hooked on
→ The key fit perfectly into the keyhole.
はめる(嵌める)
fit; put on; trap
→ It was cold, so I put on gloves.
扱う
handle; treat; deal in
→ We do not carry this product at our store.
関わる
be involved; concern
→ There is suspicion that he was involved in the incident.
目指す
aim for; aspire to
→ He is aiming for an Olympic gold medal.
立つ・発つ
stand; depart
→ Tomorrow morning, I will leave for Osaka at eight.
迎える
welcome; meet; receive
→ I went to the airport to pick up my friend.
持てる
be popular; be attractive
→ He is handsome and very popular with women.
例える
compare; liken
→ Life is often compared to a journey.
努める
strive; make efforts
→ I would like to make every effort to solve the problem.
務まる
be capable of performing a role
→ I wonder if I can handle such a difficult role.
務める
serve as; act as
→ He served as chairman at the meeting.
取り消す
cancel; revoke; withdraw
→ I canceled the hotel reservation.
終える
finish; complete
→ I plan to finish today's work by five.
呼びかける
call out to; appeal to
→ The demonstration leader called out to the participants, “Let's do our best.”
呼び出す
summon; call out
→ The teacher summoned me to the principal's office.