減退
decline; decrease
→ My appetite decreased because of summer fatigue.
減量
weight loss; reduction in quantity
→ For my health, the doctor told me to lose weight.
開発
development
→ This company is developing new software.
開店
opening a store
→ The department store opens at 10 a.m.
開業
start a business; open a practice
→ After gaining experience as a doctor, I opened my own practice in my hometown.
開催
holding; hosting
→ An international conference will be held in Tokyo next month.
開放
opening; liberalization
→ For safety reasons, this place is not open to the public.
閉鎖
closure; shutdown
→ Business conditions worsened, so the factory was scheduled to close.
密閉
airtight sealing
→ This container can be sealed airtight so that no air passes through.
改善
improvement
→ The company is working to improve employees' working conditions.
改良
improvement; refinement
→ The engine of this car was improved, so its performance became better.
改革
reform
→ The new prime minister promised to reform the education system.
改正
revision; amendment
→ From next April, the law will be revised and put into effect.
改定
revision; rate adjustment
→ The consumption tax rate was revised to 10%.
改修
renovation; repair
→ Work is underway to renovate the old bridge for safety.
一致
agreement; match
→ The two people's testimonies matched perfectly.
一方
on the other hand; one-way; increasingly
→ He works hard, while at the same time he does not forget to enjoy himself.; Global warming keeps getting worse.
一定
fixed; constant
→ This room is always kept at a constant temperature.
一人前
one serving; fully qualified adult
→ The ramen portions at this shop are large, so one serving is enough.; My younger brother got a job and finally became independent.
一流
first-class; top-class
→ He graduated from a top university and joined a top company.
映る
be reflected; appear on screen
→ My tired face is reflected in the mirror.
映す
project; reflect
→ I projected a photo onto the wall with a projector.
つかる(浸る)
be soaked; immerse oneself
→ It felt good, so I soaked in the bath for a long time.
つける(浸ける)
soak; dip
→ I soak the dirty clothes in water with detergent.
浮かぶ
float; come to mind
→ A ball is floating in the pool.; A good idea came to mind.
浮かべる
float; show on one's face
→ She had tears in her eyes and asked for help.
浮く
float; be saved; stand out
→ Wood floats on water, but stones sink.; I saved money on food because I did the shopping cheaply.
潜る
dive; go underwater
→ I dived into the sea and saw many beautiful fish.
跳ねる
jump; splash; hit with a vehicle
→ Oil splashed and burned me.; On a rainy day, a car splashed mud on me.
背負う
carry on one's back; shoulder responsibility
→ I climbed the mountain carrying a large backpack.
追う
chase; pursue
→ The police are chasing the escaped criminal.
追いかける
run after; chase
→ The child ran after the ball and dashed into the road.
追いつく
catch up
→ I finally caught up with the runner ahead of me.
追い越す
overtake; surpass
→ I overtook the truck in front on the expressway.
振り向く
turn around; look back
→ Someone called my name from behind, so I turned around.
捕る・採る・執る
catch; take/select; take charge
→ I caught fish in the river.; The company hired five new employees.; He served as chairman of the meeting.
取り上げる
pick up; confiscate; take up as a topic
→ I was using my phone during class, and the teacher confiscated it.
取り入れる
adopt; introduce; harvest
→ My company actively adopts new technology.
削る
shave; sharpen; cut down
→ I sharpened the pencil with a knife.; We need to cut unnecessary parts from next year's budget.
縛る
tie; bind; restrict
→ I tied up the old newspapers with string and threw them away.
絞る・搾る
wring; squeeze
→ I wrung out the wet towel tightly.
回る
turn; go around
→ The Earth revolves around the Sun.
回す
turn; rotate; pass around
→ I turned the doorknob, but it would not open because it was locked.
区切る
divide; separate
→ Long texts are divided into paragraphs to make them easier to read.
組む
form; team up; cross
→ I teamed up with him and started a new project.
組み立てる
assemble
→ I assembled the bookshelf while looking at the instructions.
加わる
be added; join
→ A new player joined the team, increasing its strength.
加える
add
→ The soup tasted bland, so I added a little salt.
仕上がる
be finished; be completed
→ As expected of a professional, it has turned out to be a wonderful work.
仕上げる
finish; complete
→ I want to finish the report perfectly by the deadline.
通りかかる
happen to pass by
→ When I happened to pass the bakery, I smelled something nice.
飛び回る
fly around; rush around
→ He travels all over the world for work.
巡る
go around; concern; revolve around
→ I ran around the park.; The siblings are in conflict over the inheritance.
補う
supplement; make up for
→ I supplement nutrients that are lacking in my diet with supplements.
防ぐ
prevent; defend against
→ I prevent colds by washing my hands and gargling.
救う
save; rescue
→ He saved the life of a child who fell into the river.
除く
exclude; remove
→ Everyone except Mr. Sato agreed with the plan.
省く
omit; save; cut out
→ The explanation is long, so I will omit the detailed parts.
誤る
make a mistake; misjudge
→ I made a driving error and caused an accident.
奪う
rob; take away; captivate
→ The man stole 100 million yen from the bank and fled.
しまう
put away; store
→ I no longer needed my winter clothes, so I put them away in the closet.
怠ける
be lazy; neglect
→ I had been neglecting my studies, so my test results were poor.
失う
lose
→ He lost both his job and his family in an accident.
攻める
attack
→ We aggressively attacked the opposing team's weak point.
睨む
glare at; stare
→ He glared at me with a frightening expression.
責める
blame; accuse
→ He was not the only one responsible for the failure, but everyone blamed him.
裏切る
betray
→ I was deeply shocked when a friend I trusted betrayed me.
頼る
rely on; depend on
→ Whenever he has a problem, he always relies on other people.
遭う
encounter; meet with misfortune
→ I was robbed while traveling.
招く
invite; cause
→ I invited friends to my house and had a party over the weekend.; His careless remark caused major confusion.
引っ掛かる
get caught; get stuck; be deceived
→ While I was fishing, some trash got caught on the hook.; I fell for a simple scam and lost money.
引っ掛ける
hook; hang; trick
→ I hung my coat on the hook.; He tricks people with clever words and sells them expensive items.
ひっくり返る
turn over; overturn
→ The umbrella turned inside out because of the strong wind.
ひっくり返す
turn over; overturn
→ When grilling fish, it is difficult to turn it over skillfully.
ずれる
shift; become misaligned
→ The picture hanging on the wall shifted slightly because of the earthquake.
ずらす
shift; move; reschedule
→ Please move the desk a little to the right.
崩れる
collapse; crumble
→ Heavy rain caused the mountain slope to collapse and block the road.
崩す
break down; demolish; make change
→ They demolish the old house and build a new building.; Could you break this 10,000-yen bill into 1,000-yen bills?
荒れる
be rough; become荒; get chapped
→ A typhoon is approaching, and the sea is very rough.
荒らす
devastate; ransack
→ While I was away, a burglar broke in and ransacked my house.
認める
admit; recognize; approve
→ He finally admitted that he had been wrong.
見直す
review; reconsider
→ After finishing the exam, please review your answers once more.
見慣れる
become familiar with seeing
→ Because I take this road every day, the scenery is very familiar to me.
求める
seek; demand; request
→ The company is seeking highly skilled personnel.
漏れる
leak; escape; be omitted
→ There is a hole in the bucket, and water is leaking out.; An important secret leaked from somewhere.
漏らす
leak; disclose
→ He carelessly leaked company secrets to outsiders.
なる(生る)
bear fruit
→ The tree in the garden is bearing lots of delicious-looking persimmons.
焦げる
burn; get scorched
→ I grilled the fish too long and it burned completely black.
反する
go against; violate
→ His actions went against everyone's expectations.
膨れる
swell; puff up
→ The bread puffed up nicely and baked beautifully.; She puffed out her cheeks just because she was mildly scolded.
膨らむ
swell; expand
→ My expectations keep growing, and I am getting excited.; The budget grew much larger than originally planned.
膨らます
inflate; puff up
→ The child is trying hard to inflate a balloon.
尖る
be pointed; become sharp
→ The pencil had become blunt, so I sharpened it with a knife.
当てはまる
apply to; fit
→ This rule does not apply to all employees.
就く
take up a position; enter a profession
→ My older brother graduated from university and got the job he wanted.
受け持つ
take charge of
→ Starting this year, I will be in charge of this class as homeroom teacher.
従う
follow; obey
→ In the event of a disaster, please evacuate according to the staff's instructions.
呟く
mutter; murmur
→ He muttered, “I'm tired,” in a low voice.
述べる
state; express
→ At the meeting, he clearly stated his opinion.
目覚める
wake up; awaken to
→ Every morning I wake up at six to the sound of birds.