開きます
[a door] open
Kaze de doa ga akimashita.
→ The door opened because of the wind.
閉まります
[a door] close, shut
Doa wa jidō de shimarimasu.
→ The door shuts automatically.
つきます(つきます )[電気が～]
[a light] come on
Kuraku naru to, denki ga tsukimasu.
→ When it gets dark, the light comes on.
消えます[電気が～]
[a light] go off, disappear
Suitchi o kiru to, terebi ga kiemasu.
→ When you turn off the switch, the TV goes off.
壊れます
[a chair] break
Otoshite, kamera ga kowaremashita.
→ I dropped it and the camera broke.
割れます
[a glass] break, smash
Koppu ga ochite, waremashita.
→ The glass fell and broke.
折れます[木が～]
[a tree] break, snap
Tsuyoi kaze de ki no eda ga oremashita.
→ The tree branch snapped in the strong wind.
破れます[紙が～]
[the paper] tear
Kono kami wa yabureyasui desu.
→ This paper tears easily.
汚れます[服が～]
[the clothes] get dirty
Ame de kutsu ga yogoremashita.
→ My shoes got dirty from the rain.
付きます
[a pocket] be attached
Kono shatsu ni wa poketto ga tsuite imasen.
→ A pocket is not attached to this shirt.
外れます
[a button] be undone
Botan ga hazurete imasu yo.
→ The button on the jacket is undone.
止まります
[an elevator] stop
Tokei ga tomatte imasu.
→ The clock is stopped.
まちがえます
make a mistake
Tesuto no kotae o machigaemashita.
→ I made a mistake on the answer in the test.
落とします
drop, lose
Michi de saifu o otoshite shimaimashita.
→ I dropped my wallet on the road.
掛かります
be locked
Doa ni kagi ga kakatte imasu.
→ The door is locked.
ふきます
wipe
Tēburu o kirei ni fukimasu.
→ I wipe the table clean.
取り替えます
replace, exchange
Denchi o torikaemasu.
→ I replace the battery.
片づけます
tidy up, put in order
Heya o katazukemasu.
→ I tidy up the room.
[お]皿
plate, dish
Kirei na osara ni ryōri o morimasu.
→ I will serve the food on a beautiful plate.
[お]ちゃわん
rice bowl
Ochawan ni gohan o iremasu.
→ I put rice in the rice bowl.
コップ
glass (vessel)
Koppu de mizu o nomimasu.
→ I drink water with a glass.
ガラス
glass (material)
Mado no garasu ga waremashita.
→ The window glass broke.
袋
bag
Sūpā de fukuro o moraimasu.
→ I receive a bag at the supermarket.
書類
documents, papers
Kono shorui o kopī shite kudasai.
→ Please copy these documents.
枝
branch, twig
Ki no eda ni tori ga tomatte imasu.
→ A bird is perched on a tree branch.
駅員
station employee
Ekiin ni michi o kikimasu.
→ I will ask the station employee for directions.
交番
police box
Kōban de michi o kikimashita.
→ I asked for directions at the police box.
スピーチ
speech
Nihongo de supīchi o shimasu.
→ I give a speech in Japanese.
返事
reply, answer
Mada henji ga arimasen.
→ There is still no reply.
お先にどうぞ。
After you./Go ahead, please.
A: Erebētā, dōzo. B: Sumimasen. Osaki ni dōzo.
→ "Please get on the elevator. After you."
源氏物語
The Tale of Genji
Genji Monogatari o yomimashita.
→ I read The Tale of Genji.
今の電車
the train which has just left
Ima no densha ni maniaimasen deshita.
→ I was not in time for the train which has just left.
忘れ物
things left behind, lost property
Densha ni wasuremono o shimashita.
→ I left something behind on the train.
このくらい
about this much, about this size
Kono kurai no ōkisa desu.
→ It is about this size.
～側
~ side
Michi no migigawa o arukimasu.
→ I walk on the right side of the road.
ポケット
Poketto ni te o irenaide kudasai.
→ Please do not put your hands in your pockets.
～辺
the place around ~
Eki no hen de aimashō.
→ Let's meet up around the station.
覚えていません。
I don't remember.
Sumimasen, oboete imasen.
→ Sorry, I don't remember.
網棚
rack
Amidana ni nimotsu o okimashita.
→ I put my luggage on the rack.
確か
I suppose, if I am correct
Tashika, kare wa sanjussai desu.
→ If I remember correctly, he is 30 years old.
[ああ、(ああ)]よかった。
Thank goodness!
Saifu ga arimashita yo. Yokatta desu ne.
→ My wallet was found. Thank goodness!
新宿
Shinjuku
Shinjuku de densha o orimasu.
→ I get off the train at Shinjuku.
