いただきます
receive (humble equivalent of もらいます)
Sensei ni hon o itadakimashita.
→ I received a book from the teacher.
くださいます
give (respectful equivalent of くれます)
Shachō ga omiyage o kudasaimashita.
→ The president gave me a souvenir.
やります
give (to a younger person or subordinate)
Inu ni esa o yarimashita.
→ I fed the dog.
上げます
raise, lift up
Nimotsu o agemasu.
→ I lift the luggage up.
下げます
lower, pull down
Netsu o sagemasu.
→ I lower the fever.
親切にします
be kind to
Otoshiyori ni shinsetsu ni shimasu.
→ I am kind to elderly people.
かわいい
lovely, cute
Mago wa totemo kawaii desu.
→ My grandchild is very cute.
珍しい
rare, uncommon
Kore wa mezurashii hana desu.
→ This is a rare flower.
お祝い
celebration, gift
Tomodachi ni kekkon no oiwai o agemashita.
→ I gave my friend a wedding gift.
お年玉
money given as a New Year's gift
Oshōgatsu ni kodomo ni otoshidama o yarimasu.
→ I give New Year's money to children on New Year's Day.
[お]見舞い
expression of sympathy, consolatory gift to a sick person
Buchō no omimai ni ikimashita.
→ I went to visit the sick department manager.
興味
interest
Watashi wa Nihon no rekishi ni kyōmi ga arimasu.
→ I have an interest in Japanese history.
情報
information
Intānetto de atarashii jōhō o sagashimasu.
→ I search for new information on the Internet.
文法
grammar
Nihongo no bunpō wa fukuzatsu desu.
→ Japanese grammar is complicated.
発音
pronunciation
Sensei no hatsuon wa kirei desu.
→ The teacher's pronunciation is beautiful.
猿
ape, monkey
Dōbutsuen de saru o mimashita.
→ I saw a monkey at the zoo.
えさ
feed, bait
Sakana ni esa o yarimasu.
→ I give food to the fish.
おもちゃ
toy
Musuko ni omocha o katte yarimashita.
→ I bought a toy for my son.
えほん
picture book
Musume ni ehon o yonde yarimasu.
→ I read a picture book to my daughter.
絵はがき
picture postcard
Ryokō no ehagaki o tomodachi ni okurimashita.
→ I sent a picture postcard of my trip to my friend.
ドライバー
screwdriver
Doraibā de tokei o naoshimashita.
→ I fixed the watch with a screwdriver.
ハンカチ
handkerchief
Kirei na hankachi desu ne.
→ That's a beautiful handkerchief.
靴下
socks, stockings
Shiroi kutsushita o hakimasu.
→ I wear white socks.
手袋
gloves
Fuyu wa tebukuro o shimasu.
→ I wear gloves in winter.
幼稚園
kindergarten
Kodomo o yōchien e tsurete ikimasu.
→ I take my child to kindergarten.
暖房
heating
Danbō o tsukemasu.
→ I turn on the heating.
冷房
air conditioning
Reibō o tsukemasu.
→ I turn on the air conditioning.
温度
temperature
Ondo o agete kudasai.
→ Please raise the temperature.
祖父
(my) grandfather
Sofu wa kyūjussai desu.
→ My grandfather is 90 years old.
祖母
(my) grandmother
Sobo wa genki desu.
→ My grandmother is doing well.
孫
grandchild
Mago ni okashi o katte yarimashita.
→ I bought sweets for my grandchild.
お孫さん
(someone else's) grandchild
Omagosan wa oikutsu desu ka.
→ How old is your grandchild?
おじ
(my) uncle
Oji wa enjinia desu.
→ My uncle is an engineer.
おじさん
(someone else's) uncle
Tanaka san no ojisan wa isha desu.
→ Mr. Tanaka's uncle is a doctor.
おば
(my) aunt
Oba ni ryōri o oshiete moraimashita.
→ I had my aunt teach me how to cook.
おばさん
(someone else's) aunt
Satō san no obasan wa doko ni sunde imasu ka.
→ Where does Ms. Sato's aunt live?
管理人
janitor, manager
Kanrinin ni kagi o kaeshimasu.
→ I return the key to the manager.
～さん
Mr./Ms. (used after job titles)
Panyasan ni pan o tanomimasu.
→ I order bread from the baker.
この間
the other day, recently
Kono aida, kare ni aimashita.
→ I met him the other day.
ひとこと
a few words
Hitokoto, orei o iitai desu.
→ I want to say a few words of thanks.
～ずつ
each, at a time
Ikko zutsu tabete kudasai.
→ Please eat one at a time.
二人
two people, couple
Futari wa kekkon shimashita.
→ The two of them got married.
お宅
(someone else's) house
Sensei no otaku e ikimashita.
→ I went to the teacher's house.
どうぞ お幸せに
I wish you happiness.
Gokekkon omedetō gozaimasu. Dōzo oshiawase ni.
→ Congratulations on your marriage. I wish you happiness.
