#1N5 - Lesson 5
上
On:ジョウ;ショウ
Kun:うえ;あ.がる;あ.げる;のぼ.る
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 一 radical. A short stroke above the horizontal line indicates a position above.
上手
👉 skillful; good at
💡 When combined with other kanji to express skill or proficiency.
彼女は 歌が 上手です。
She is very good at singing.
上
👉 above; on top; upper part
💡 When used alone to indicate a position above or on top.
机の 上に 本が あります。
There is a book on the desk.
上がる
👉 to rise; to go up; to increase
💡 When used as a verb to indicate going up or increasing.
階段を 上がります。
I go up the stairs.
#2N5 - Lesson 5
下
On:カ;ゲ
Kun:した;さ.がる;さ.げる;くだ.る
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 一 radical. A short stroke below the horizontal line indicates a position below.
地下鉄
👉 subway; underground railway
💡 When combined with other kanji to indicate something underground or below ground.
地下鉄で 会社へ 行きます。
I go to work by subway.
下
👉 below; underneath
💡 When used alone to indicate a position below or underneath.
木の 下で 休みます。
I rest under the tree.
下がる
👉 to go down; to decrease; to fall
💡 When used as a verb to indicate going down or decreasing.
熱が 下がりました。
My fever has gone down.
#3N5 - Lesson 5
左
On:サ
Kun:ひだり
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of a left hand (𠂇) holding a tool (工), representing the left side.
左
👉 left; left side
💡 When used alone to indicate the left direction or left side.
次の 角を 左へ 曲がってください。
Please turn left at the next corner.
#4N5 - Lesson 5
右
On:ユウ;ウ
Kun:みぎ
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of a right hand (𠂇) and a mouth (口), evoking the action of using the hand to bring food to the mouth.
右
👉 right; right side
💡 When used alone to indicate the right direction or right side.
右に 銀行が あります。
There is a bank on the right.
#5N5 - Lesson 5
中
On:チュウ
Kun:なか;うち;あた.る
Composition / Memory Tip: A vertical stroke 丨 passes through a rectangular enclosure, visually indicating the center or middle.
中学校
👉 junior high school; middle school
💡 When combined with other kanji to indicate middle-school level or a central/middle position.
弟は 中学校で 勉強しています。
My younger brother is studying at junior high school.
中
👉 inside; middle
💡 When used alone to indicate the inside or middle of something.
箱の 中に 時計が あります。
There is a watch inside the box.
#6N5 - Lesson 5
外
On:ガイ;ゲ
Kun:そと;ほか;はず.す;はず.れる;と-
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 夕 (evening) and 卜 (divination).
外国
👉 foreign country; abroad
💡 When combined with other kanji to indicate things or matters outside or foreign.
将来、外国へ 行きたいです。
In the future, I want to go abroad.
外
👉 outside; outdoors
💡 When used alone to indicate the outside or an outdoor space.
外は とても 寒いです。
It is very cold outside.
#7N5 - Lesson 5
東
On:トウ
Kun:ひがし
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 木 (tree) with 日 (sun) within it, evoking the sun rising through the branches in the east.
東京
👉 Tokyo
💡 When combined with other kanji in place names or terms related to the east.
東京は 人が 多いです。
There are many people in Tokyo.
東
👉 east; eastern side
💡 When used alone to indicate the east direction.
駅の 東に スーパーが あります。
There is a supermarket east of the station.
#8N5 - Lesson 5
西
On:セイ;サイ
Kun:にし
Composition / Memory Tip: Traditionally associated with the image of a bird returning to its nest at sunset, evoking the west where the sun sets.
西洋
👉 the West; Western countries/culture
💡 When combined with other kanji to indicate the West or Western things.
西洋の 料理が 好きです。
I like Western food.
西
👉 west; western side
💡 When used alone to indicate the west direction.
西に 山が 見えます。
You can see mountains to the west.
#9N5 - Lesson 5
南
On:ナン;ナ
Kun:みなみ
Composition / Memory Tip: The character is traditionally explained as evoking the warm region of the south.
東南アジア
👉 Southeast Asia
💡 When combined with other kanji to indicate southern regions or areas.
ベトナムは 東南アジアに あります。
Vietnam is in Southeast Asia.
南
👉 south; southern side
💡 When used alone to indicate the south direction.
私の 部屋は 南に あります。
My room is on the south side.
#10N5 - Lesson 5
北
On:ホク
Kun:きた
Composition / Memory Tip: Traditionally depicted as two people standing back-to-back, associated with the direction away from the sun's warmth: north.
北海道
👉 Hokkaido
💡 When combined with other kanji in place names or terms related to the north.
冬、北海道へ 雪を 見に 行きます。
In winter, I go to Hokkaido to see the snow.
北
👉 north; northern side
💡 When used alone to indicate the north direction.
北の 風が 冷たいです。
The north wind is very cold.
