#1N5 - Lesson 9
本
On:ホン
Kun:もと
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 木 (tree) and a horizontal stroke at its base, indicating the root or origin.
本
👉 book
💡 When used alone, it means a book; it is also a counter for long, slender objects.
鞄の 中に 本が あります。
There is a book in the bag.
三本
👉 three (long, slender objects)
💡 A sound change occurs when it is used to count long, slender objects.
鉛筆を 三本 買いました。
I bought three pencils.
#2N5 - Lesson 9
車
On:シャ
Kun:くるま
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 車 radical, depicting a two-wheeled vehicle viewed from above.
電車
👉 train; electric train
💡 When combined with other kanji, it indicates types of vehicles.
毎日 電車で 学校へ 行きます。
I go to school by train every day.
車
👉 car; automobile
💡 When used alone, it means a car or automobile.
私の 車は 新しいです。
My car is new.
#3N5 - Lesson 9
何
On:カ
Kun:なに;なん
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 亻 (person) and 可 (can; possible).
何
👉 what
💡 Used as a question word alone or before particles such as が and を.
箱の 中に 何が ありますか。
What is in the box?
何時
👉 what time
💡 Used as a question word before counters or particles such as の, で, と, etc. (sound-changed kun reading).
今、何時ですか。
What time is it now?
#4N5 - Lesson 9
名
On:メイ;ミョウ
Kun:な
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 夕 (evening) and 口 (mouth). At night, when faces cannot be seen, people call one another by name.
有名
👉 famous
💡 When combined with other kanji, it indicates fame or reputation.
ハノイは フォーが 有名です。
Hanoi is famous for pho.
名前
👉 name
💡 When used in a compound related to a name.
お名前は 何ですか。
What is your name?
#5N5 - Lesson 9
目
On:モク;ボク
Kun:め;-め;ま-
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 目 radical, depicting an eye turned vertically.
目的
👉 purpose; objective
💡 When combined with other kanji, it can indicate a purpose or item/category.
日本へ 行く 目的は 何ですか。
What is your purpose for going to Japan?
目
👉 eye
💡 When used alone, it means the eye.
彼女は 目が 大きいです。
She has big eyes.
#6N5 - Lesson 9
耳
On:ジ
Kun:みみ
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 耳 radical, depicting a human ear.
耳
👉 ear
💡 When used alone, it means the ear.
うさぎは 耳が 長いです。
The rabbit has long ears.
#7N5 - Lesson 9
手
On:シュ;ズ
Kun:て;-て;た-
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 手 radical, depicting an open hand with five fingers.
上手
👉 skillful; good at
💡 When combined with other kanji, it can indicate a person doing an activity or a level of skill.
母は 料理が 上手です。
My mother is very good at cooking.
手
👉 hand
💡 When used alone, it means the hand.
ご飯の 前に 手を 洗います。
I wash my hands before meals.
手紙
👉 letter
💡 When used in the word meaning a letter.
友達に 手紙を 書きました。
I wrote a letter to my friend.
#8N5 - Lesson 9
足
On:ソク
Kun:あし;た.りる;た.る;た.す
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 足 radical; the upper part is 口 and the lower part is 止, evoking a foot that moves and stops.
一足
👉 one pair (of shoes/sandals)
💡 When used as a counter for pairs, such as shoes or socks.
新しい 靴を 一足 買いました。
I bought a new pair of shoes.
足
👉 leg; foot
💡 When used alone, it means the leg or foot.
たくさん 歩きましたから、足が 痛いです。
My legs hurt because I walked a lot.
足りる
👉 enough; sufficient
💡 When used as a verb, it means to be sufficient or enough.
千円で 足りますか。
Is 1,000 yen enough?
#9N5 - Lesson 9
口
On:コウ;ク
Kun:くち
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 口 radical, depicting an open mouth.
人口
👉 population
💡 When combined with other kanji, it can indicate the number of people.
ベトナムの 人口は 多いです。
Vietnam has a large population.
入口
👉 entrance
💡 When used alone or in compounds, it can mean the mouth or an entrance/exit.
あそこに 入口が あります。
There is an entrance over there.
#10N5 - Lesson 9
花
On:カ;ケ
Kun:はな
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 艹 (grass/plants) on top and 化 (change/transformation) below.
お花
👉 flower
💡 When used alone (often with お before it), it means a flower.
庭に きれいな お花が 咲きました。
A beautiful flower has bloomed in the garden.
花火
👉 fireworks
💡 When used in the compound meaning fireworks.
夏休みに 家族と 花火を 見ました。
I watched fireworks with my family during summer vacation.
#11N5 - Lesson 9
魚
On:ギョ
Kun:うお;さかな;-ざかな
Composition / Memory Tip: Belongs to the 魚 radical, depicting a fish with its head, fins, and tail.
金魚
👉 goldfish
💡 When combined with other kanji, it indicates types of fish or fishing-related terms.
池に 小さい 金魚が います。
There is a small goldfish in the pond.
魚
👉 fish
💡 When used alone, it means fish in general.
スーパーで 魚を 買います。
I buy fish at the supermarket.
#12N5 - Lesson 9
音
On:オン;イン
Kun:おと;ね
Composition / Memory Tip: Composed of 立 (stand) and 日 (sun; historically related here to 言, speech). It conveys the idea of sound being produced.
音楽
👉 music
💡 When combined with other kanji, it indicates sound or music.
毎晩 部屋で 音楽を 聞きます。
I listen to music in my room every evening.
音
👉 sound; noise (from an object)
💡 When used alone, it means a sound or noise.
外で 大きい 音が しました。
There was a loud noise outside.
