を擦る
rub; scrub
→ My eye was itchy, so I rubbed it too hard and it became red.
を擦る
rub gently; stroke; massage
→ My grandmother said her lower back hurt, so I gently rubbed her back.
を撫でる
stroke; pat; caress
→ With a gentle smile, he softly patted his younger sister on the head after she passed the exam.
をいじる
fiddle with; tamper with; play with
→ Whenever he gets nervous, he has a habit of playing with his hair.
をかき回す
stir; mix; rummage through
→ I slowly stirred the soup from the bottom of the pot with a spoon so it wouldn't burn.
を摘む
pick; pluck
→ On the weekend, my family went to a farm and picked ripe red strawberries.
を摘む
pick up with fingers; pinch; hold one's nose
→ The smell was so bad that I instinctively held my nose.
を掴む
grasp; grab; seize
→ His speech captured the audience's hearts and earned loud applause.
が捻じれる/捻れる
twist; become warped
→ His personality is a little twisted, so he cannot honestly accept other people's advice.
を捻じる/捻る
twist; wrench
→ Enduring the pain, he forcibly twisted his arm to try to escape from his opponent.
を捻る
twist; turn; rack one's brains
→ This problem was so difficult that I couldn't solve it no matter how hard I racked my brains.
がちぎれる
tear off; snap; be torn
→ The strong wind is making the old flag look as if it is about to tear apart.
をちぎる
tear off; rip into pieces
→ To make a salad, I tore the lettuce by hand into bite-sized pieces.
を束ねる
bundle; tie together; lead
→ She tied her long hair together with an elastic band.
を扇ぐ
fan
→ Because the power was out and the air conditioner couldn't be used, I cooled myself by fanning with a hand fan.
をくむ
draw; scoop; understand someone's intention
→ He understood what I meant and helped me without saying anything.
を銜える
hold in one's mouth
→ A child holding a finger in their mouth may be a sign of anxiety or stress.
を舐める
lick; underestimate; look down on
→ The cat is contentedly licking its paw.
俯く
look down; bow one's head
→ He kept his head down the whole time he was being scolded.
這う
crawl; creep
→ The baby is happily crawling around on the floor.
潜る
pass under; slip through; evade
→ To escape his pursuers, he slipped through the crowd and disappeared.
囁く
whisper; murmur
→ During class, he whispered something to the friend sitting next to him.
が/を喚く
shout; yell; scream
→ The child is demanding a toy and yelling loudly in front of the store.
言いつける
①tell on ②order; instruct
→ My younger brother told my mother that I had spoken badly about him.
打ち明ける
confide; reveal; confess
→ He decided to confide his long-standing worries to his best friend.
見かける
happen to see; catch sight of
→ Recently, I happened to see a former colleague near the station.
見分ける
distinguish; tell apart
→ The twin sisters look so alike that it is difficult for me to tell them apart.
見渡す
look over; survey
→ From the top of the hill, we could look over the entire town where we live.
見落とす
overlook; miss
→ I checked the report, but I may have overlooked a small mistake.
を乗り過ごす
miss one's stop; ride past
→ I was so absorbed in reading that I missed the station where I was supposed to get off.
を乗り越える
climb over; overcome
→ They overcame many difficulties and finally achieved their goal.
歩む
walk; follow a path; proceed through life
→ The two got married and vowed to walk through life together from then on.
がもつ
last; keep; hold out
→ Once opened, this milk lasts only two days even if kept in the refrigerator.
を保つ
maintain; preserve; keep
→ He never skips his daily exercise in order to maintain his youthfulness.
を築く
build; establish; accumulate
→ Through continuous effort, he built a great fortune within a single generation.
が絶える
cease; die out; be cut off
→ Whenever he joked, laughter never ceased throughout the room.
を絶つ/断つ
cut off; sever; give up
→ For his health, he decided to completely give up the alcohol he loved.
が途切れる
be interrupted; break off temporarily
→ The call was cut off in the middle of the conversation, so I missed something important.
が途絶える
cease completely; be cut off
→ Since that accident, all contact from him has suddenly ceased.
が下る
be handed down; move to a later period; fall below; have diarrhea; descend
→ After a long trial, a not-guilty verdict was handed down to the defendant.
を下す
①hand down; make ②defeat ③cause diarrhea
→ After reviewing the video decision, the referee made the final judgment.
が垂れる
①hang down; droop ②drip; trickle
→ The willow branches sway in the wind and hang down almost to the ground.
が茂る
grow thick; become luxuriant
→ In summer, the trees in the garden grow lush and provide cool shade.
を耕す
cultivate; till; plow
→ When spring comes, farmers cultivate their fields and begin preparing to sow seeds.
を生かす
①make use of; bring out ②keep alive
→ He uses the language skills he developed while studying abroad in his work at a trading company.
を拒む
refuse; reject
→ He refused the company's transfer offer and chose to resign.
を強いる
force; compel
→ Forcing someone to make a donation should not be tolerated for any reason.
を禁じる
prohibit; forbid
→ In this area, the law prohibits the construction of buildings above a certain height.
を競う
compete; vie
→ The two teams fiercely competed in skill until the very end for the championship.
を負かす
defeat; beat
→ He had never lost to anyone at chess, but he was finally defeated by AI.
をやっつける
defeat; finish off; get a task done
→ I finished all the troublesome work, so I can relax tonight.
が励む
work hard; devote oneself
→ To fulfill his dream of becoming a scholar, he devotes himself to research every day.
を捉える
grasp; capture; perceive
→ His speech captured the audience's hearts and deeply moved them.
を捕らえる
capture; catch
→ Based on a tip from a citizen, the police captured the fugitive.
を庇う
protect; shield; cover for
→ The mother hugged the child who had fallen as if protecting them.
をからかう
tease; make fun of
→ He looks serious, but actually likes teasing people.
を襲う
attack; strike; overwhelm
→ The lion targeted its prey and attacked in an instant.
が挙がる
be raised; be cited; come up
→ When the teacher asked a question, many students raised their hands.
を挙げる
raise; cite; name; hold; arrest
→ To praise his achievements, I explained them using specific examples.
を雇う
hire; employ
→ The shop became busy, so they decided to hire two new part-time workers.
を養う
support; provide for; cultivate
→ He worked from a young age and endured many hardships to support his family.
が交わる
cross; intersect; associate
→ If you go straight down this road, you'll reach an intersection with a major national highway.
を交える
mix in; intersperse; include; exchange
→ During the meeting, serious discussion continued, with occasional humor mixed in.
をよこす
send; give; hand over
→ My mother back home sent me a letter asking whether I was doing well.
が/を焦る
panic; get impatient; rush
→ As the end of the exam approached, he hurriedly reviewed his answers.
を急かす
hurry; urge
→ Since we were about to be late for departure, I hurried my friend who was slow to get ready.
~に耐える
endure; withstand
→ He endured harsh training and eventually became a top-class athlete.
がむっとする
feel offended; get irritated
→ He said something rude to me, and I couldn't help feeling annoyed.
がぞっとする
shudder; feel a chill
→ When I looked down from the high bridge, my legs froze and I shuddered.
がぎょっとする
be startled; be shocked
→ Someone suddenly came out from the corner of the dark hallway, startling me.
が狂う
go mad; go wrong; become inaccurate
→ He became so absorbed in his research that he seemed to go mad.
が照れる
feel shy; feel embarrassed
→ He was suddenly praised in front of everyone and blushed with embarrassment.
を省みる
reflect on; look back on oneself
→ He is reflecting on his careless behavior and deeply regretting it.
を顧みる
look back on; reflect on; consider
→ He looked back on his youth and narrowed his eyes nostalgically.
を心掛ける
keep in mind; make a habit of
→ For my health, I try to maintain a low-salt diet.
を試みる
attempt; try
→ He tried a new treatment, but unfortunately it had no effect.
を案じる
worry about; be concerned
→ The parents are worried about the health of their son living far away.
が染みる
soak in; permeate; sting
→ The warm soup on a cold day soaked into my chilled body and warmed me through.
がにじむ
blur; run; seep; show through
→ Perhaps out of frustration, tears welled up in his eyes.
がぼやける
become blurred; become vague
→ The fog is thick, so the distant scenery is blurred and hard to see.
が弱る
weaken; become frail; be troubled
→ My grandfather has grown older, and his legs and lower back seem to have weakened considerably.
が老ける
look older; age in appearance
→ Although he is still young, perhaps because he has had many hardships, he looks much older.
が凍える
freeze; be chilled to the bone
→ On a midwinter night in a room without heating, I felt as if my body would freeze.
がかなう
come true; be fulfilled
→ My long-held dream of owning my own shop finally came true.
をかなえる
make come true; fulfill
→ With the support of many people, he fulfilled his dream of traveling around the world.
を懸ける
stake; risk; devote
→ He is staking his life on this new business venture.
をよす
stop; quit
→ Stop wasting money and think about saving at least a little.
を交わす
exchange; share
→ Happy to meet again after a long time, the two exchanged a firm handshake.
が賑わう
be bustling; thrive
→ The tourist spot was bustling with many visitors over the weekend.
を受け入れる
accept; receive; take in
→ He accepted his defeat and congratulated the winner.