います[子供が～]
have [a child]
Kodomo ga futari imasu.
→ I have two children.
います[日本に～]
stay, be [in Japan]
Nihon ni sannen imasu.
→ I have been in Japan for three years.
かかります
take (referring to time or money)
Kaisha made ichijikan kakarimasu.
→ It takes one hour to get to the company.
休みます[会社を～]
take a day off [work]
Byōki desu kara, kaisha o yasumimasu.
→ I am sick, so I will take a day off work.
１つ
one (used when counting things)
Mikan o hitotsu tabemashita.
→ I ate one mandarin orange.
２つ
two
Keshigomu ga futatsu arimasu.
→ There are two erasers.
３つ
three
Kaban no naka ni kagi ga mittsu arimasu.
→ There are three keys in the bag.
４つ
four
Heya ga yottsu arimasu.
→ There are four rooms.
５つ
five
Isu ga itsutsu arimasu.
→ There are five chairs.
６つ
six
Tamago o muttsu kaimashita.
→ I bought six eggs.
７つ
seven
Tomato ga nanatsu arimasu.
→ There are seven tomatoes.
８つ
eight
Ringo o yattsu kudasai.
→ Please give me eight apples.
９つ
nine
Sekken ga kokonotsu arimasu.
→ There are nine bars of soap.
１０
ten
Tamago ga too arimasu.
→ There are ten eggs.
いくつ
how many
Mikan ga ikutsu arimasu ka.
→ How many mandarin oranges are there?
１人
one person
Kaigishitsu ni sensei ga hitori imasu.
→ There is one teacher in the meeting room.
２人
two persons
Kodomo ga futari imasu.
→ I have two children.
―人
- people
Kazoku wa yonin desu.
→ There are four people in my family.
―台
(counter for machines, cars, etc.)
Jitensha ga ichidai arimasu.
→ I have one bicycle.
―枚
(counter for paper, stamps, etc.)
Shatsu o nimai kaimashita.
→ I bought two shirts.
―回
- times
Isshūkan ni ikkai eiga o mimasu.
→ I watch a movie once a week.
りんご
apple
Ringo wa oishii desu.
→ Apples are delicious.
みかん
mandarin orange
Mikan o ikutsu kaimashita ka.
→ How many mandarin oranges did you buy?
サンドイッチ
sandwich
Asagohan, sandoitchi o tabemashita.
→ I ate a sandwich for breakfast.
カレー[ライス]
curry [and rice]
Kyō no hirugohan wa karēraisu desu.
→ Today's lunch is curry and rice.
アイスクリーム
ice cream
Atsui desu kara, aisukurīmu o tabemasu.
→ It is hot, so I eat ice cream.
切手
postage stamp
Hachijūen no kitte o kaimashita.
→ I bought an 80-yen stamp.
はがき
post card
Tomodachi ni hagaki o kakimasu.
→ I write a postcard to my friend.
封筒
envelope
Fūtō ni shashin o iremasu.
→ I put a photo in the envelope.
両親
parents
Ryōshin wa Hanoi ni imasu.
→ My parents are in Hanoi.
兄弟
brothers and sisters
Kyōdai wa nannin desu ka.
→ How many siblings do you have?
兄
(my) elder brother
Ani wa enjinia desu.
→ My older brother is an engineer.
お兄さん
(someone else's) elder brother
Onīsan wa Nihon ni imasu ka.
→ Is your older brother in Japan?
姉
(my) elder sister
Ane wa kekkon shite imasu.
→ My older sister is married.
お姉さん
(someone else's) elder sister
Onēsan wa ogenki desu ka.
→ Is your older sister well?
弟
(my) younger brother
Otōto wa gakusei desu.
→ My younger brother is a student.
弟さん
(someone else's) younger brother
Otōtosan wa nansai desu ka.
→ How old is your younger brother?
妹
(my) younger sister
Imōto wa kawaii desu.
→ My younger sister is cute.
妹さん
(someone else's) younger sister
Imōtosan wa gakusei desu ka.
→ Is your younger sister a student?
外国
foreign country
Gaikoku e ikitai desu.
→ I want to go abroad.
留学生
international student
Kurasu ni ryūgakusei ga imasu.
→ There is an international student in the class.
クラス
class
Kurasu ni gakusei ga nijūnin imasu.
→ There are 20 students in the class.
―時間
- hours
Maiban nijikan benkyō shimasu.
→ I study for two hours every evening.
―週間
- weeks
Isshūkan ryokō shimasu.
→ I will travel for one week.
―か月
- months
Nihongo o sankagetsu benkyō shimashita.
→ I studied Japanese for three months.
―年
- years
Nihon ni ichinen imashita.
→ I stayed in Japan for one year.
～ぐらい
about ~
Gakkō made sanjuppun gurai kakarimasu.
→ It takes about 30 minutes to get to school.
どのくらい
how long
Hanoi kara Hōchimin made dono kurai kakarimasu ka.
→ How long does it take from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City?
全部で
in total
Zenbu de ikura desu ka.
→ How much is it altogether?
みんな
all, everything
Minna de gosen'en desu.
→ It is 5,000 yen altogether.
～だけ
only ~
Nichiyōbi dake yasumimasu.
→ I only take Sundays off.
かしこまりました。
Certainly. / I understand.
Kashikomarimashita.
→ Certainly.
いい[お]天気ですね。
Nice weather, isn't it?
Kyō wa ii otenki desu ne.
→ The weather is nice today, isn't it?
お出かけですか。
Are you going out?
A: Odekake desu ka. B: Ee.
→ A: Are you going out? B: Yes.
ちょっと～まで。
I'm just going to ~.
Chotto sūpā made.
→ I'm just going to the supermarket.
行っていらっしゃい。
See you. / Take care.
Itte irasshai.
→ Take care.
行ってきます。
I'm off. / See you later.
Itte kimasu.
→ I'm off.
船便
sea mail
Funabin de nimotsu o okurimasu.
→ I send the package by sea mail.
航空便
airmail, air freight
Kōkūbin de okurimasu.
→ I send it by airmail.
お願いします。
Please.
Onegaishimasu.
→ Please.
オーストラリア
Australia
Ōsutoraria e ikimashita.
→ I went to Australia.
