JLPT N1 Shinkanzen Grammar Lesson 19: ~に足る・~に堪える・~といったらない (Worthy of... / Deserving of... / Extremely...)

~に足る・~に堪える・~といったらない (Worthy of... / Deserving of... / Extremely...)

JLPT N1
Shinkanzen N1 • 6 key grammar patterns
Point 1N1_L19_G1

1. ~に足る(たる)

Sentence Pattern
Vる (Dictionary form) + に足たる
Verbal noun N する + に足たる
Meaning: Worthy of... / Sufficient to...

Explanation: Indicates that something has enough value or qualification to deserve a certain evaluation or action. The negative ~に足らない means 'not worth...'. The fixed phrase 取るに足らない means something trivial and not worth worrying about or discussing.

Example Sentences (2)
彼かれが残のこした業績ぎょうせきは、後世こうせいに語かたり継つぐに足たる素晴すばらしいものだ。
The achievements he left behind are splendid enough to deserve being passed down to future generations.
ネット上じょうの噂うわさなど、取とるに足たらないものが多おおい。
Many rumors on the internet are trivial things not worth paying attention to.
Point 2N1_L19_G2

2. ~に耐える / ~に耐えない

Sentence Pattern
Vる (Dictionary form) + に耐たえる / に耐たえない
Verbal noun N する + に耐たえる / に耐たえない
Meaning: Worthy of... / Too awful to bear seeing or hearing...

Explanation: Indicates whether something is worthy of evaluation or appreciation. In the negative ~に耐えない / ~に堪えない, it means something is so awful or cruel that one cannot bear to keep watching or listening. It is mainly used with a limited set of words such as 見る, 聞く, 鑑賞 and 批判.

Example Sentences (2)
この映画えいがは子供向こどもむけだが、大人おとなの鑑賞かんしょうにも十分じゅうぶんに耐たえる作品さくひんだ。
Although this movie is aimed at children, it is also fully worthy of adult appreciation.
彼かれのひどい暴言ぼうげんは、到底聞とうていきくに堪たえないものだった。
His terrible abusive remarks were simply unbearable to listen to.
Point 3N1_L19_G3

3. ~といったらない / ~といったらありはしない

Sentence Pattern
い-adjective / Noun N + といったらない
な-adjective だ + といったらない
Meaning: Extremely... / Beyond words...

Explanation: Emphasizes an extreme degree that words cannot fully describe. In speech, ない may sometimes be omitted, leaving ~といったら.... Adjectives are also often nominalized with さ, as in 寂しさ or すばらしさ.

Example Sentences (2)
締しめ切きり直前ちょくぜんにパソコンが壊こわれた時ときの焦あせりといったらなかった。
The panic I felt when my computer broke right before the deadline was beyond words.
一人暮ひとりぐらしの寂さびしさといったらない。
The loneliness of living alone is indescribable.
Point 4N1_L19_G4

4. ~かぎりだ

Sentence Pattern
い-adjective / な-adjective + な + 限かぎりだ
Meaning: Extremely... / I could not feel more...

Explanation: Expresses the speaker's present emotion at its highest degree. It is generally used with emotional words such as うれしい, 寂しい, うらやましい, 残念 and 感激.

Example Sentences (2)
ずっと憧あこがれていた歌手かしゅに会あえて、感激かんげきな限かぎりだ。
I am deeply moved to have met the singer I had admired for so long.
努力どりょくして作つくった作品さくひんが評価ひょうかされず、残念ざんねんな限かぎりだ。
It is extremely disappointing that the work I put so much effort into was not appreciated.
Point 5N1_L19_G5

5. ~極まる / ~極まりない

Sentence Pattern
な-adjective + 極きわまる
な-adjective (+ なこと) / い-adjective (+ こと) + 極きわまりない
Meaning: Extremely... / Utterly...

Explanation: Indicates that a state has reached an extreme. It is often used to evaluate undesirable attitudes or situations, as in 失礼極まりない. An important positive exception is 感極まる, meaning to become deeply moved or overwhelmed with emotion.

Example Sentences (2)
会議中かいぎちゅうにスマートフォンをいじるとは、失礼極しつれいきわまりない態度たいどだ。
Using a smartphone during a meeting is an extremely rude attitude.
台風たいふうが近ちかづいているのに海うみに行いくなんて、危険極きけんきわまる行為こういだ。
Going to the sea when a typhoon is approaching is an extremely dangerous act.
Point 6N1_L19_G6

6. ~とは

Sentence Pattern
Plain form + とは
* な-adjective / Noun N (だ may be omitted)
Meaning: To think that...! / I can't believe that...

Explanation: Emphasizes surprise, admiration, or shock at a fact that exceeds expectations. The following clause normally expresses the speaker's reaction, but it may be omitted for effect. According to this lesson, it is not used to speak about oneself.

Example Sentences (2)
日本語にほんごをたった半年はんとしでマスターするとは、彼かれは本当ほんとうに天才てんさいだ。
To master Japanese in only half a year—he really is a genius.
有名ゆうめいなレストランの料理りょうりがこんなにまずいとは、がっかりした。
I never expected the food at such a famous restaurant to taste this bad; what a disappointment.