1. ~やら~やら (Such things as... and...)
Meaning: Gives examples, implying that there are many other things besides the ones mentioned.
✓ Used with words of the same category to emphasize that there are many messy or disorganized things/tasks, listed in no particular order.
✓ Often used when the speaker feels overwhelmed by having too many things, or when things cannot be clearly defined (implies feelings of confusion, busyness, or clutter).
2. ~というか~というか (I could say... or I could say... / Either... or...)
* Na-adjective だ / Noun N だ
Meaning: You could say it this way, or you could say it that way... (in short).
✓ Used when explaining a thing or phenomenon; the speaker gives two ways of describing or judging it, but cannot definitively say which one is more accurate.
3. ~にしても / ~にしろ / ~にせよ (Whether... or...)
Meaning: Whether in this case or that case, the same thing applies (Whether it is A or B...).
✓ The structure is repeated twice to list two items of the same nature or two opposing aspects.
✓ The second clause often expresses the speaker's judgment, evaluation, or decision.
✓ にせよ and にしろ are more formal and stiffer expressions compared to にしても.
4. ~といった (Such as... / Like...)
Meaning: Provides a list of examples and then summarizes them into a common point or category.
✓ Used with words showing that many examples could be given.
✓ Often used in combination with enumerating conjunctions like や and とか.