突然
Suddenly / Abruptly
Totsuzen no ame ni furareta.
→ I was caught in a sudden rain.
突然電話が鳴った
The phone rang suddenly
Kaigichū ni totsuzen denwa ga natte asetta.
→ I panicked because the phone rang suddenly during the meeting.
いきなり
Suddenly / All of a sudden
Kare wa ikinari okoridashita.
→ He suddenly started getting angry.
いきなり泣き出す
To burst into tears suddenly
Akachan ga ikinari nakidashita.
→ The baby suddenly burst into tears.
とたんに
As soon as / The moment that
Ie o deta totanni ame ga furidashita.
→ The moment I left the house, it started to rain.
とたんに泣き出す
To burst into tears immediately
Haha no kao o mita totanni nakidashita.
→ As soon as she saw her mother's face, she burst into tears.
やっと
Finally / At last (positive outcome)
Basu ga yatto kita.
→ The bus finally came.
やっとけがが治った
The injury finally healed
Nagai nyūin seikatsu ga owari, yatto kega ga naotta.
→ After a long hospitalization, my injury finally healed.
とうとう
Finally / In the end (often negative outcome)
Tōtō kare wa konakatta.
→ In the end, he didn't come.
うちの猫がとうとう死んでしまった
My cat finally passed away
Byōki datta uchi no neko ga tōtō shinde shimatta.
→ My sick cat finally passed away.
結局
Eventually / In the end
Iroiro giron shita ga, kekkyoku nani mo kimaranakatta.
→ We discussed various things, but in the end, nothing was decided.
努力したが、結局むだだった
Made an effort, but it was useless in the end
Isshōkenmei doryoku shita ga, kekkyoku muda datta.
→ I tried my hardest, but in the end, it was a waste.
ついに
Finally / At last (after long waiting/effort)
Tsuini shinsha o katta.
→ I finally bought a new car.
ついに絵が完成した
The painting is finally completed
Hantoshi kakete, tsuini e ga kansei shita.
→ After six months, the painting is finally finished.
よく
Often / Well
Kare to wa yoku au.
→ I often meet him.
よくこのレストランに来ます
I often come to this restaurant
Oishii node, yoku kono resutoran ni kimasu.
→ It's delicious, so I come to this restaurant often.
昨日は、よく寝ました
I slept well yesterday
Tsukarete ita node, kinō wa yoku nemashita.
→ I was tired, so I slept well yesterday.
よくやった
Well done / Good job
Yūshō omedetō! Yoku yatta!
→ Congratulations on winning! Well done!
たいてい
Usually / Generally
Yasumi no hi wa taitei ie ni iru.
→ On holidays, I am usually at home.
たいてい外食します
I usually eat out
Isogashii node, yoru wa taitei gaishoku shimasu.
→ Since I'm busy, I usually eat out at night.
ふだん
Usually / Normally / Everyday
Fudangi de pātī ni iku.
→ I go to parties in everyday clothes.
ふだんはお酒を飲みません。
I usually don't drink alcohol
Fudan wa osake o nomimasen ga, kyō wa tokubetsu desu.
→ I usually don't drink alcohol, but today is special.
ふつう
Normal / Ordinary / Usually
Asagohan wa futsū pan da.
→ Breakfast is usually bread.
梅雨の時期、ふつうは雨が多い。
Usually, there is a lot of rain during the rainy season
Tsuyu no jiki, futsū wa ame ga ooi ga, kotoshi wa sukunai.
→ Usually, there is a lot of rain during the rainy season, but this year there is little.
たまに
Occasionally / Once in a while
Tamani kare ni au.
→ I meet him occasionally.
たまに映画に行きます
I go to the movies occasionally
Shigoto no sutoresu kaishō ni, tamani eiga ni ikimasu.
→ To relieve work stress, I go to the movies once in a while.
かなり
Quite / Considerably
Kyō wa kanari samui.
→ It is quite cold today.
かなり大きい家
A quite large house
Kare wa kōgai ni kanari ookii ie o tateta.
→ He built a quite large house in the suburbs.
人がかなりいる
There are quite a few people
Konsāto kaijō ni wa hito ga kanari iru.
→ There are quite a lot of people at the concert venue.
けっこう
Quite / Well enough
Kono fuku, kekkō niau ne.
→ This outfit suits you quite well.
今の家は、けっこう気に入っている
I quite like my current house
Furui keredo, ima no ie wa kekkō ki ni itte iru.
→ It's old, but I quite like my current house.
ものすごく
Extremely / Terribly
Kyō wa monosugoku atsui.
→ It is extremely hot today.
足がものすごく痛い
My feet hurt terribly
Takusan aruita node, ashi ga monosugoku itai.
→ Because I walked a lot, my feet hurt terribly.
めちゃくちゃ
Messy / Extreme / Absurd
Heya ga mechakucha da.
→ The room is a mess.
むちゃくちゃ
Absurd / Unreasonable
Kare no itte iru koto wa muchakucha da.
→ What he is saying is absurd.
めちゃくちゃ安い
Extremely cheap
Kono mise no ryōri wa mechakucha yasui.
→ The food at this restaurant is insanely cheap.
順番がむちゃくちゃだ
The order is all messed up
Pēji no junban ga muchakucha ni natte iru.
→ The page order is all messed up.
事故で車がめちゃくちゃに壊れた
The car was completely wrecked in an accident
Jiko de kuruma ga mechakucha ni kowarete shimatta.
→ The car was totally wrecked in the accident.
ぜひ
By all means / Definitely
Zehi asobi ni kite kudasai.
→ Please definitely come to visit.
ぜひとも
By all means (stronger than zehi)
Zehitomo kyōryoku o onegai shimasu.
→ We definitely ask for your cooperation.
ぜひお越しください
Please do come
Pātī ni wa, zehi okoshi kudasai.
→ Please do come to the party.
どうか
Please / Somehow
Dōka yurushite kudasai.
→ Please forgive me.
どうかお願いします
Please, I beg you
Kono ken, dōka onegai shimasu.
→ Regarding this matter, please, I beg you.
まず
First of all / Firstly
Asa okitara, mazu mizu o nomu.
→ When I wake up in the morning, I drink water first.
帰ったら、まずお風呂に入る
Take a bath first when getting home
Ie ni kaettara, mazu ofuro ni haitte sappari suru.
→ When I get home, I take a bath first to refresh myself.
とにかく
Anyway / At any rate / In any case
Shōsai wa ato de hanasu ga, tonikaku buji de yokatta.
→ I'll talk about the details later, but anyway, I'm glad you're safe.
ともかく
Anyway / Regardless
Dekiru ka dōka wakaranai ga, tomokaku yatte miyō.
→ I don't know if I can do it, but let's try anyway.
言い訳などしないで、とにかく勉強しなさい
Don't make excuses, just study anyway
“Demo…” to iiwake nado shinaide, tonikaku benkyō shinasai.
→ Don't make excuses like "But...", just study anyway.
一度に
At once / At one time
Ichido ni zenbu wa hakobenai.
→ I can't carry everything at once.
一度に花が咲く
Flowers bloom all at once
→ It got warmer, and the flowers bloomed all at once.
いっぺんに
All at once / In one go / Immediately
Kusuri o nondara, ippen ni raku ni natta.
→ I felt better immediately after taking the medicine.
たまった宿題をいっぺんに片付ける
Finish piled-up homework all at once
Natsuyasumi no saigo no hi ni, tamatta shukudai o ippen ni katadzukeru.
→ I finish all the piled-up homework at once on the last day of summer vacation.
いっぺんに疲れが出た
Exhaustion hit all at once
Shigoto ga owatte, ippen ni tsukare ga deta.
→ Work finished, and exhaustion hit me all at once.