大工
Carpenter
Furui ie o shūri suru tame ni, ude no ii daiku o yonda.
→ I called a skilled carpenter to repair the old house.
大工に修理を頼む
Ask a carpenter for repairs
Kowareta isu no shūri o daiku ni tanonda.
→ I asked a carpenter to repair the broken chair.
重大
Serious / Important / Significant
Kore wa kongo no jinsei ni kakawaru jūdai na ketsudan da.
→ This is a major decision that will affect my future life.
重大な発表がある
There is a significant announcement
Seifu kara kokumin e, jūdai na happyō ga atta.
→ There was a significant announcement from the government to the public.
大小
Size / Large and small
Kono mise ni wa, daishō samazama na saizu no kutsu ga aru.
→ This store has shoes of various sizes, both large and small.
箱が大小合わせて10個ある
There are 10 boxes in total, large and small
Monooki no naka ni, hako ga daishō awasete jukko hodo tsumikasanatte iru.
→ There are about 10 boxes, large and small, stacked up in the storage room.
大気
Atmosphere / Air
Kōjō kara no kemuri de, taiki ga osen sarette iru.
→ The atmosphere is polluted by smoke from factories.
大気が汚れている
The atmosphere is polluted
Tokai wa kōtsūryō ga ooi node, taiki ga yogorete iru.
→ The atmosphere in the city is polluted due to heavy traffic.
大半
Majority / Most / More than half
Kyō no shigoto wa taihan ga owatta node, hayaku kaeresō da.
→ Most of today's work is done, so it looks like I can go home early.
大半が賛成する
The majority agrees
Atarashii an ni tsuite, shussekisha no taihan ga sansei shita.
→ The majority of attendees agreed with the new proposal.
大金
Large amount of money
Ie o kau tame ni, isshōkenmei hataraite taikin o tameta.
→ I worked hard and saved a large amount of money to buy a house.
大金を使う
Spend a large amount of money
Ryūgaku no tame ni, tamete ita taikin o tsukau.
→ I'm using the large sum of money I saved for studying abroad.
大木
Large tree / Big tree
Jinja no keidai ni, jurei sūhyakunen no taiboku ga aru.
→ There is a large tree hundreds of years old in the shrine precincts.
大木を切る
Cut down a large tree
Dōro o hirogeru tame ni, michibata no taiboku o kiru koto ni natta.
→ It was decided to cut down the large tree by the roadside to widen the road.
中心
Center / Core / Focus
Kare wa itsumo gurūpu no chūshin ni natte katsudō shite iru.
→ He is always at the center of the group's activities.
円の中心
Center of a circle
Konpasu o tsukatte, en no chūshin o kimeru.
→ Use a compass to determine the center of the circle.
中世
Middle Ages / Medieval times
Yōroppa no chūsei no shiro o tazuneru.
→ Visiting medieval castles in Europe.
中世の文学
Medieval literature
Daigaku de Nihon no chūsei no bungaku o kenkyū shite iru.
→ I am researching Japanese medieval literature at university.
中古
Used / Second-hand
Yosan ga sukunai node, chūko no pasokon o sagashite iru.
→ Since my budget is low, I'm looking for a used computer.
中古の車を買う
Buy a used car
Hajimete no unten na node, mazu wa chūko no kuruma o kau koto ni shita.
→ Since it's my first time driving, I decided to buy a used car first.
空中
In the air / Mid-air
Tori ga kūchū o jiyū ni tobimawatte iru.
→ Birds are flying freely in the air.
空中に浮く
Float in the air
Tejinashi ga fushigi na chikara de kūchū ni uite iru yō ni mieru.
→ The magician looks like he is floating in the air by some mysterious power.
集中する
Concentrate / Focus
Jinkō ga tokai ni shūchū shite iru.
→ The population is concentrated in the cities.
集中して勉強する
Concentrate on studying
Shiken mae na node, toshokan de shūchū shite benkyō suru.
→ Since it's before exams, I concentrate on studying at the library.
夜中
Midnight / Middle of the night
Yonaka ni denwa ga natte, bikkuri shite me ga sameta.
→ The phone rang in the middle of the night, and I woke up startled.
夜中まで起きている
Stay up until midnight
Omoshiroi gēmu ni muchū ni natte, kinō wa yonaka made okite ita.
→ I got absorbed in an interesting game and stayed up until midnight yesterday.
世の中
The world / Society / Life
Yononaka ni wa iroiro na hito ga iru mono da.
→ There are all kinds of people in the world.
彼は世の中をよく知っている
He knows the world well (is worldly-wise)
Kare wa kurō shite kita node, wakai wari ni yononaka o yoku shitte iru.
→ He has been through hardships, so he knows the world well for his young age.
手間
Time and effort / Trouble
Tezukuri no ryōri wa tema ga kakaru ga, sono bun oishii.
→ Home-cooked meals take time and effort, but they are delicious.
手間がかかる
Take time and effort
Kono sargyō wa fukuzatsu na node, hijō ni tema ga kakaru.
→ This task is complex, so it takes a lot of time and effort.
中間
Middle / Intermediate / Midway
Futatsu no iken no chūkan o totte, dakyōan o tsukuru.
→ Take the middle ground between the two opinions and create a compromise.
中間試験
Midterm exam
Chūkan shiken no kekka ga warukatta node, kimatsu shiken wa ganbaranakereba naranai.
→ Since my midterm exam results were bad, I have to do my best on the final exam.
世間
The world / Public / Society
Kare wa seken no hyōban o totemo ki ni shite iru.
→ He cares a lot about public reputation.
世間の人々
People in society / The public
Sono nyūsu wa, seken no hitobito o odorokasseta.
→ That news surprised the public.
人間
Human / Human being
Ningen wa shippai kara manabu ikimono da.
→ Humans are creatures that learn from failure.
人間関係
Human relations / Interpersonal relationships
Atarashii shokuba de wa, ningen kankei ni ichiban ki o tsukau.
→ In a new workplace, I pay the most attention to human relations.
昼間
Daytime
Hiruma wa atataki ga, yoru ni naru to kyū ni hiekōmu.
→ It's warm during the day, but it suddenly gets cold at night.
夜間
Nighttime
Kono michi wa yakan, tsūkōdome ni naru.
→ This road is closed to traffic at night.
夜間の外出
Going out at night
Chian ga warui node, hitori de no yakan no gaishutsu wa hikaeta hō ga ii.
→ Since public safety is bad, it's better to avoid going out alone at night.
週間
Week / Weekly
Isshūkan no natsuyasumi o totte, umi e iku.
→ I'm taking a one-week summer vacation to go to the beach.
天気の週間予報を見る
Check the weekly weather forecast
Ryokō no keikaku o tateru tame ni, terebi de tenki no shūkan yohō o miru.
→ I check the weekly weather forecast on TV to plan my trip.
名作
Masterpiece
Kore wa sekaijū de aisarete iru meisaku da.
→ This is a masterpiece loved all over the world.
名作を読む
Read a masterpiece
Yasumi no hi ni, jikkuri to koten no meisaku o yomu.
→ On my days off, I take my time reading classical masterpieces.
作者
Author / Creator
Kono shōsetsu no sakusha wa, wakamono ni totemo ninki ga aru.
→ The author of this novel is very popular among young people.
作者に話を聞く
Interview the author
Kōenkai de, sakusha ni sakuhin e no omoi ni tsuite hanashi o kiku.
→ At the lecture, I listen to the author talk about their thoughts on the work.
作品
Work (of art, literature, etc.)
Bijutsukan de, yūmei na gaka no sakuhin o kanshō suru.
→ Appreciating works by famous painters at the art museum.
作品が完成した
The work is completed
Nankagetsu mo kakete, yōyaku jibun no nattoku suru sakuhin ga kansei shita.
→ After spending months, I finally completed a work that I am satisfied with.
作業する
Work / Operation
Kōjō de nagaresagyō ni jūji suru.
→ Engaging in assembly line work at the factory.
作業が進む
Work progresses
Minna no kyōryoku no okage de, yotei yori hayaku sagyō ga susunde iru.
→ Thanks to everyone's cooperation, the work is progressing faster than planned.
通行する
Pass through / Travel
Kono michi wa kōjichū no tame, tsūkō suru koto ga dekinai.
→ This road cannot be traveled because it is under construction.
右側を通行する
Keep to the right (Pass on the right)
Eki no kaidan de wa, migigawa o tsūkō suru yō ni kimerarete iru.
→ It is decided to walk on the right side on the station stairs.
一方通行
One-way traffic
Koko wa ippō tsūkō no michi na node, gyaku-sō shite wa ikenai.
→ This is a one-way street, so you must not drive the wrong way.
通知する
Notify / Inform
Gōkakusha ni wa gojitsu, mēru de tsūchi shimasu.
→ Successful applicants will be notified by email at a later date.
合格通知
Acceptance letter / Notification of passing
Yūbin de gōkakutsūchi ga todoite, kazoku minna de yorokonda.
→ The acceptance notification arrived by mail, and the whole family rejoiced.
文通する
Correspond (by letter) / Pen pal
Kaigai no yūjin to nagaku buntsū shite iru.
→ I have been corresponding with a friend overseas for a long time.
文通相手
Pen pal
Chūgakusei no koro kara zutto tsuzuite iru buntsū aite ga iru.
→ I have a pen pal I've been writing to since junior high school.
一通り
Generally / Roughly / Once through
Shiken no mae ni, kyōkasho o hitotōri yominaosu.
→ Before the exam, I re-read the textbook once through.
一通り復習する
Review generally / Review briefly
Jikan ga nai node, taisetsu na pointo dake o hitotōri fukushū suru.
→ Since I don't have time, I'll just review the important points briefly.