不~
Un- / Non- / Dis- (Negative prefix)
Kare no taido wa fumajime da.
→ His attitude is insincere.
不可能
Impossible
Ikkagetsu de nihongo o masutā suru no wa fukanō da.
→ It is impossible to master Japanese in one month.
不愉快
Unpleasant / Discomfort / Offensive
Fuyukai na omoi o sasete shimatte, mōshiwake arimasen.
→ I apologize for causing you discomfort.
不必要
Unnecessary / Needles
Fuhitsuyō na mono o kaisugite shimatta.
→ I bought too many unnecessary things.
不健康
Unhealthy / Poor health
Fukenkō na seikatsu o tsuzukeru to byōki ni naru.
→ If you continue an unhealthy lifestyle, you will get sick.
無~
No- / Non- / -less
Muimi na arasoi wa yameyō.
→ Let's stop meaningless arguments.
無差別
Indiscriminate / Without discrimination
Hannin wa tsūkōnin o musabetsu ni osotta.
→ The culprit attacked passersby indiscriminately.
無関心
Indifferent / Uninterested / Apathetic
Kare wa seiji ni mattaku mukanshin da.
→ He is completely indifferent to politics.
無関係
Unrelated / Irrelevant
Watashi wa kono ken to wa mukankei da.
→ I am unrelated to this matter.
無意識
Unconscious / Unintentionally
Kinchō suru to, muishiki ni tsume o kande shimau.
→ When I get nervous, I unconsciously bite my nails.
非~
Non- / Anti- / Un-
Hinan o abiru.
→ Come under fire / Be criticized.
非常識
Lacking common sense / Absurd
Yonaka ni sawagu no wa hijōshiki da.
→ Making noise in the middle of the night shows a lack of common sense.
非公開
Private / Undisclosed / Closed to the public
Kono kaigi no naiyō wa hikōkai desu.
→ The content of this meeting is private.
非科学的
Unscientific
Yūrei no sonzai o shinjiru no wa hikagakuteki da.
→ Believing in the existence of ghosts is unscientific.
非公式
Unofficial / Informal
Nikokukan de hikōshiki na kyōgi ga okonawareda.
→ Unofficial consultations were held between the two countries.
未~
Un- / Not yet
Mitei no keikaku.
→ Undecided plan.
未完成
Incomplete / Unfinished
Kono biru wa mada mikansei da.
→ This building is still incomplete.
未解決
Unsolved / Unsettled
Sanjūnen mae no jiken ga imadani mikaiketsu da.
→ The case from 30 years ago is still unsolved.
再~
Re- / Again
Fugōkaku datta node, saishiken o ukeru.
→ Since I failed, I will take the re-exam.
再出発する
Restart / Make a fresh start
Rikon shite, atarashii jinsei o saishuppatsu suru.
→ After divorcing, I am making a fresh start in life.
再認識
Re-recognize / Reaffirm / Realize again
Kazoku no taisetsusa o saininshiki shita.
→ I reaffirmed the importance of family.
再生産する
Reproduce / Recycle
Furui shiryō o saiseisan shite riyō suru.
→ Reproduce and use old materials.
再開発する
Redevelop (urban planning)
Eki no mae ga saikaihatsu sarete kirei ni natta.
→ The area in front of the station was redeveloped and became beautiful.
超~
Super- / Ultra- / Extremely
Chōman'in no densha.
→ Super overcrowded train.
超満員
Overcrowded / Packed to capacity
Konsāto kaijō wa chōman'in datta.
→ The concert venue was packed to capacity.
超特急
Super express (train) / At breakneck speed
Shigoto o chōtokkyū de katazukeru.
→ Finish the work at super speed.
超小型
Ultra-small / Micro / Miniature
Chōkogata no kamera ga hatsubai sareta.
→ An ultra-small camera has been released.
超忙しい
Super busy / Extremely busy
Ima wa kessanki de chōisogashii.
→ It's the end of the fiscal year, so I'm super busy.
高~
High
Kōseinō no pasokon.
→ High-performance computer.
高カロリー
High calorie
Hanbāgā wa kōkarorī na tabemono da.
→ Hamburgers are high-calorie food.
高収入
High income
Kare wa kōshūnyū da ga, shishutsu mo ooi.
→ He has a high income, but his expenses are also high.
高気圧
High pressure (atmospheric)
Kōkiatsu ni oowarete, hareru deshō.
→ Covered by high pressure, it will likely be sunny.
名~
Famous / Great / Master
Meikyoku o kiku.
→ Listen to a famous piece of music.
名場面
Famous scene / Memorable scene
Eiga no owari no shīn wa meibamen da.
→ The ending scene of the movie is a masterpiece.
名女優
Famous actress / Great actress
Kanojo wa shōrai meijoyū ni naru darō.
→ She will likely become a great actress in the future.
名演奏
Great performance / Masterful performance
Pianisuto no migoto na meiensō ni kandō shita.
→ I was moved by the pianist's magnificent performance.
全~
All / Whole / Entire
Zenjidō no sentakuki.
→ Fully automatic washing machine.
全世界
The whole world / Worldwide
Sono nyūsu wa zensekai ni hiromatta.
→ That news spread throughout the whole world.
全日本
All Japan
Zennihon barēbōru taikai ni shutsujō suru.
→ Participate in the All Japan Volleyball Tournament.
全学生
All students
Zengakusei ga taiikukan ni atsumatta.
→ All students gathered in the gymnasium.
全責任
Full responsibility
Konkai no shippai no zensekinin wa watashi ni aru.
→ I take full responsibility for this failure.
総~
Total / General / Gross
Sōgaku ichiman-en ni narimasu.
→ The total amount is 10,000 yen.
総人数
Total number of people
Sankasha no sōninzū o kakunin suru.
→ Check the total number of participants.
総収入
Total income / Gross income
Kakei no sōshūnyū o keisan suru.
→ Calculate the household's total income.
各~
Each / Every
Kakuji no seki ni suwatte kudasai.
→ Please sit in your respective seats.
各クラス
Each class
Kaku kurasu kara daihyōsha o hitori erabu.
→ Select one representative from each class.
各家庭
Each household / Every family
Kono chirashi o kaku katei ni haifu suru.
→ Distribute this flyer to each household.
長~
Long
Nagai aida osewa ni narimashita.
→ Thank you for your help over a long period.
長持ちする
Last long / Durable
Kono kutsu wa jōbu de nagamochi suru.
→ These shoes are durable and last a long time.
長生きする
Live long / Longevity
Sobo ni wa itsumademo nagaiki shite hoshii.
→ I want my grandmother to live a long life.
長話する
Talk for a long time / Long chat
Michi de tomodachi ni atte nagabanashi o shite shimatta.
→ I met a friend on the street and ended up chatting for a long time.
長電話する
Talk on the phone for a long time
Sakuya, kare to sanjikan mo nagadenwa shita.
→ Last night, I talked on the phone with him for three hours.
現~
Current / Present / Incumbent
Gendankai de wa nani mo ienai.
→ I can't say anything at the current stage.
現社長
Current president
Genshachō no hōshin de kaisha ga ookiku kawatta.
→ The company has changed greatly under the current president's policy.
現大臣
Current minister
Gendaijin ga atarashii seisaku o happyō shita.
→ The current minister announced a new policy.
前~
Previous / Former / Ex-
Zenkai no shiken wa muzukashikatta.
→ The previous exam was difficult.
前社長
Previous president / Former president
Zenshachō wa taishokugo, kaigai de kurashite iru.
→ The previous president is living abroad after retirement.
前大臣
Previous minister / Former minister
Zendaijin no fushōji ga hakkaku shita.
→ The scandal of the previous minister was revealed.
元~
Former / Ex- / Original
Kare wa moto keisatsukan da.
→ He is a former police officer.
元社長
Former president (sometime in the past)
Ano hito wa uchi no kaisha no motoshachō desu.
→ That person is a former president of our company.
元大臣
Former minister
Motodaijin ga senkyo ni shutsuba suru.
→ A former minister will run in the election.
故~
The late ~ (Deceased)
Kokyō o omoidasu.
→ Remembering my hometown (Note: This word uses the same kanji but means hometown. The prefix 'Ko' means deceased).
故田中社長
The late President Tanaka
Ko Tanaka shachō no hakamairi ni iku.
→ Go to visit the grave of the late President Tanaka.
故田中大臣
The late Minister Tanaka
Ko Tanaka daijin no kōseki o tataeru.
→ Honor the achievements of the late Minister Tanaka.
副~
Vice- / Sub- / Assistant
Fukudokuhon o tsukau.
→ Use a supplementary reader.
副社長
Vice president
Shachō no fuzaichū wa, fukushachō ga shiki o toru.
→ During the president's absence, the vice president takes command.
副大臣
Vice minister / Deputy minister
Fukudaijin ga kisha kaiken o okonaotta.
→ The vice minister held a press conference.
副作用
Side effect
Kono kusuri wa fukusayō de nemuku naru koto ga aru.
→ This medicine may cause drowsiness as a side effect.