本日
Today (Formal)
Honjitsu wa kyūgyō sasete itadakimasu.
→ We are closed today.
本日は休業します
Closed today / Business is closed today
Ainiku honjitsu wa kyūgyō shimasu node, ashita mata okoshi kudasai.
→ Unfortunately, we are closed today, so please come back tomorrow.
本年
This year (Formal)
Honnen mo dōzo yoroshiku onegai mōshiagemasu.
→ We look forward to your continued support this year.
本年もよろしくお願いします
I look forward to working with you again this year
Atarashii toshi o mukae, honnen mo yoroshiku onegai shimasu.
→ As we welcome the new year, I look forward to your continued support.
本社
Head office / Headquarters (HQ)
Raigetsu, Ōsaka no honsha ni shutchō suru koto ni naotta.
→ It has been decided that I will go on a business trip to the head office in Osaka next month.
本社に出張する
Go on a business trip to the head office
Kaigi ni sanka suru tame, ashita wa honsha no hō e shutchō suru.
→ To attend the meeting, I will go on a business trip to the head office tomorrow.
本店
Main store / Flagship store
Kono resutoran no honten wa Ginza ni aru.
→ The main store of this restaurant is in Ginza.
本人
The person in question / The individual themselves
Tetsuzuki ni wa honnin no kakunin shorui ga hitsuyō desu.
→ Identification documents of the person themselves are required for the procedure.
ご本人様ですか
Are you the person in question? / Is this [Name] speaking?
Denwaguchi de "gohonnin-sama desu ka" to kakunin sareda.
→ I was asked over the phone, "Is this the person in question?"
本気
Serious / Earnest / For real
Kare wa honki de Nihon e no ryūgaku o kanguete iru.
→ He is seriously thinking about studying abroad in Japan.
本気を出して勉強する
Study seriously / Buckle down and study
Shiken ga isshūkan go ni semari, yōyaku honki o dashite benkyō shihajimeta.
→ With the exam approaching in a week, I finally buckled down and started studying.
本気にする
Take seriously / Believe
Jōdan de itta noni, kanojo wa honki ni shite okotte shimatta.
→ Even though I said it as a joke, she took it seriously and got angry.
本来
Originally / Primarily / By nature
Honrai, kono shigoto wa watashi no tantō de wa nai.
→ Originally, this job is not my responsibility.
本来の姿
Original appearance / True form
Rifōmu o shite, furui ie ga honrai no sugata o torimodoshita.
→ After renovating, the old house regained its original appearance.
家屋
House / Building / Dwelling
Ookina jishin de ooku no kaoku ga tōkai shita.
→ Many houses collapsed due to the large earthquake.
古い家屋
Old house / Historic building
Kono machi ni wa, Edo jidai kara no furui kaoku ga narande iru.
→ Old houses from the Edo period line the streets of this town.
一家
The whole family / Household
Kyūjitsu wa ikka de doraibu ni dekakeru.
→ On holidays, the whole family goes out for a drive.
一家を支える
Support the family / Breadwinner
Chichi wa isshōkenmei hataraite, ikka o sasaete kureta.
→ My father worked hard to support the family.
芸術家
Artist
Kare wa gaka de ari, chōkokuka demo aru tasai na geijutsuka da.
→ He is a multi-talented artist who is both a painter and a sculptor.
才能がある芸術家
Talented artist
Sainō ga aru geijutsuka no sakuhin wa, miru hito o kandō saseru.
→ Works by talented artists move the people who see them.
読書家
Avid reader / Bookworm
Kare wa yūmei na dokushoka de, ie ni wa sūsensatsu no hon ga aru.
→ He is a famous avid reader and has thousands of books at home.
兄は読書家だ
My older brother is an avid reader
Ani wa dokushoka na node, itsumo kaban ni hon o irete iru.
→ Since my brother is an avid reader, he always keeps a book in his bag.
作家
Author / Writer / Novelist
Shōrai, misuterī shōsetsu no sakka ni naritai.
→ In the future, I want to become a mystery novel writer.
有名な作家
Famous author
Yūmei na sakka no sainkai ni nagai retsu ga dekida.
→ A long line formed at the famous author's autograph session.
画家
Painter / Artist
Gaka o mezashite, mainichi e no renshū ni hagemu.
→ Aiming to become a painter, I work hard on practicing drawing every day.
無名の画家
Unknown painter / Obscure artist
Kare wa ima wa mumei no gaka da ga, shōrai yūbō da.
→ He is an unknown painter now, but he shows promise for the future.
大家
Landlord
Ōya-san ni yachin o harai ni iku.
→ I'm going to pay the rent to the landlord.
アパートの大家
Apartment landlord
Apāto no ōya-san wa, totemo shinsetsu na hito da.
→ The apartment landlord is a very kind person.
目上
Superior / Senior / Elder
Meue no hito ni wa keigo o tsukatte hanasu beki da.
→ You should use honorifics when speaking to superiors.
目上の人
Superior / Someone of higher status
Meue no hito ni taishite shitsurei na taido o totte wa ikenai.
→ You must not have a rude attitude towards superiors.
目下
Subordinate / Junior / Younger person
Kare wa meshita no hito ni taishite mo, teinei ni sessuru.
→ He interacts politely even with subordinates.
目下の者
Subordinate / Those under one's supervision
Rīdā toshite, meshita no mono no mendō o yoku miru.
→ As a leader, I take good care of my subordinates.
目安
Guideline / Standard / Rough estimate / Target
Ichinichi ni ni rittoru no suibun o toru no ga meyasu da.
→ Drinking two liters of water a day is a good guideline.
目安を立てる
Set a target / Set a rough goal
Mazu wa ikkagetsu ni gokiro yaseru to iu meyasu o tateru.
→ First, I will set a target of losing 5 kilograms in one month.
目指す
Aim for / Strive for
Nihon de hataraku koto o mezashite, Nihongo o benkyō shite iru.
→ I am studying Japanese with the aim of working in Japan.
有名大学を目指す
Aim for a famous university
Kare wa kodomo no koro kara yūmei daigaku o mezashite benkyō shite kita.
→ He has been studying with the goal of getting into a famous university since he was a child.
目立つ
Stand out / Be conspicuous
Kanojo wa akai doresu o kite iru node, doko ni ite mo medatsu.
→ Since she is wearing a red dress, she stands out wherever she is.
目立たない生徒
Inconspicuous student / Low-profile student
Kare wa kurasu de wa medatanai seito da ga, jitsu wa seiseki ga ii.
→ He is an inconspicuous student in class, but actually has good grades.
注目する
Pay attention to / Watch closely / Focus on
Sekaijū ga sono shinseihin no happyō ni chūmoku shite iru.
→ The whole world is paying attention to the announcement of that new product.
結果に注目する
Pay attention to the results
Kore made no doryoku ga dō minoru ka, kekka ni chūmoku suru.
→ I am watching the results closely to see how the efforts so far will bear fruit.
気体
Gas / Gaseous body
Mizu wa futtō suru to suijōki to iu kitai ni naru.
→ When water boils, it becomes a gas called water vapor.
液体
Liquid
Jōon de gin'iro no ekitai de aru suigin wa mezurashii.
→ Mercury, which is a silver liquid at room temperature, is rare.
固体
Solid
Koori wa mizu ga kōtte kotai ni natta mono da.
→ Ice is water that has frozen and become a solid.
気分
Mood / Feeling
Tenki ga ii node, totemo kibun ga ii.
→ Since the weather is nice, I feel very good.
気分がいい
Feel good / Feel refreshed / In a good mood
Massāji o ukete, karada ga karuku nari kibun ga ii.
→ After getting a massage, my body feels light and I feel good.
気味
Sensation / Feeling / Tendency / Touch of...
Kono heya wa nantonaku kimi ga warui.
→ This room feels somewhat creepy.
ヘビは気味が悪い
Snakes are creepy / Gives me the creeps
Hebi ga hatte iru no o miru to kimi ga warui to kanjiru.
→ When I see a snake crawling, I feel creeped out.
疲れ気味
A bit tired / Feeling a little run down
Saikin zargyō tsuzuki de, sukoshi tsukare gimi da.
→ Due to continuous overtime recently, I'm feeling a bit tired.
気楽な
Carefree / Easygoing / Comfortable
Dokushin seikatsu wa jiyū de kiraku na mono da.
→ Single life is free and carefree.
気楽にやろう
Let's take it easy / Don't stress
Amari muzukashiku kanguezu, kiraku ni yarō.
→ Let's not overthink it and just take it easy.
平気な
Unconcerned / Cool / Okay / Indifferent
Kare wa donna ni shikararete mo heiki na kao o shite iru.
→ No matter how much he gets scolded, he looks unbothered.
ヘビはいやだが、クモは平気だ
I hate snakes, but spiders are fine
Watashi wa mushi zenpan ga nigate da ga, kumo dake wa heiki da.
→ I'm not good with insects in general, but spiders are fine.
短気な
Short-tempered / Impatient
Chichi wa tanki na seikaku de, sugu ni okoridasu.
→ My father has a short-tempered personality and gets angry immediately.
短気な人
Short-tempered person / Hothead
Tanki na hito to tsukiau no wa, nakunaka taihen da.
→ Dealing with a short-tempered person is quite difficult.