4 key grammar patterns

#1L44_G1

Sentence Pattern

〜すぎます

Indicates that an action or state is excessive.
It is often used with the nuance that the excessive action or state is **undesirable**.

Example Sentences (2)

さっきズンさんは食たべすぎましたから、今いまお腹なかが痛いたくなりました。

→ Dung ate too much a little while ago, so now his stomach hurts.

この自転車じてんしゃは高たかすぎますから、買かえません。

→ Because this bicycle is too expensive, I cannot buy it.

#2L44_G2

Sentence Pattern

〜やすいです／〜にくいです

～Vやすいです: easy to ~
～Vにくいです: hard to ~
Treat the phrases ～Vやすい and ～Vにくい as い-adjectives.

Example Sentences (2)

雪ゆきの日ひは道みちが滑すべりやすいです。

→ On snowy days, the roads are very slippery.

この鉛筆えんぴつはみじかくて、かきにくいです。

→ This pencil is too short, so it's hard to write with.

#3L44_G3

Sentence Pattern

〜します

The subject acts directly to change a certain object.

Example Sentences (2)

このいすはちょっとたかいですから、ひくくします。

→ Because this chair is a little high, I will lower it.

娘むすめが帰かえる前まえに、この部屋へやをきれいにしておきます。

→ Before my daughter comes home, I will clean this room up.

#4L44_G4

Sentence Pattern

〜にします

To make a choice or decision.

Example Sentences (2)

A: 食事しょくじは和食わしょくと洋食ようしょくとどちらにしますか。
B: 和食わしょくにします。

→ A: For the meal, will you choose Japanese food or Western food? B: I will choose Japanese food.

A: 飲のみ物ものは？
B: コーヒーにします。

→ A: And for drinks? B: I'll have coffee.

Minna no Nihongo (New Edition) Grammar Lesson 44: Excessive actions, degree of Ease/Difficulty in doing something.