2 key grammar patterns
#1L45_G1
Part 1: ～場合(ばあい) : In case of/When ~
Sentence Pattern
〜場合
Assumes a certain situation, and the following part is the action to take or the result that occurs.
Since場合 is a noun, it connects like a noun modifier.
Since
Example Sentences (3)
A: 交通事故にあった場合は どうしますか。
B: すぐ 警察に 連絡してください。
B: すぐ 警察に 連絡してください。
→ A: What should I do in case of a traffic accident? B: Please contact the police immediately.
A: ねえ、領収書を もらいたい場合は どうしたら いいですか。
B: 必要な場合は 店の人に言ってください。
B: 必要な場合は 店の人に言ってください。
→ A: Hey, what should I do if I want to get a receipt? B: If necessary, please tell the shop staff.
火事や 地震の 場合は、エレベーターを 使わないで ください。
→ In case of a fire or an earthquake, please do not use the elevator.
#2L45_G2
Part 2: ～のに : even though, despite ~
Sentence Pattern
〜のに
Expresses dissatisfaction with an unexpected result or an event that is contrary to the expected outcome. It often shows the speaker's feeling of surprise or discontent.
Difference between のに and が:
If you replace のに in the 2 examples below, it will not express the feeling of surprise or discontent.
①約束 を しましたが、彼女 が 来 ませんでした。
I made a promise with her, but she didn't come.
② きょうは日曜日 ですが、働 かなければなりません。
Today is Sunday, but I have to work.
Difference between のに and ても:
のに is an expression of the speaker's feeling about what has happened, and it cannot express a contrary result based on an assumption like ても.
〇 あした雨 が 降 っても、サッカーを します。
Even if it rains tomorrow, I will play soccer.
✖ あした雨 が 降 るのに、サッカーを します。
Difference between のに and が:
If you replace のに in the 2 examples below, it will not express the feeling of surprise or discontent.
①
I made a promise with her, but she didn't come.
② きょうは
Today is Sunday, but I have to work.
Difference between のに and ても:
のに is an expression of the speaker's feeling about what has happened, and it cannot express a contrary result based on an assumption like ても.
〇 あした
Even if it rains tomorrow, I will play soccer.
✖ あした
Example Sentences (2)
A: スピーチは うまく いきましたか。
B: いいえ、一生懸命 練習して 覚えたのに、緊張しすぎて、途中で忘れてしまいました。
B: いいえ、一生懸命 練習して 覚えたのに、緊張しすぎて、途中で忘れてしまいました。
→ A: Did your speech go well? B: No, even though I practiced hard and memorized it, I was too nervous and forgot it in the middle.
猫なのに ねずみが 怖いです。
→ Even though it's a cat, it's afraid of mice.
