2 key grammar patterns
#1L22_G1
1. N Modifying Clauses (Relative Clauses)
Sentence Pattern
【Mệnh đề bổ nghĩa cho danh từ】
V / A / N (thể thông thường) + N
Aな (だ) + な + N
N (だ) + の + N
S + が + V (mệnh đề bổ nghĩa)
A clause used to modify and clarify an N.
The modifying clause placed before an N must be in the plain form. For Aな, replace [だ] with [な], and for N, replace [だ] with [の]. The modified N can be used in various sentence patterns. The subject within the modifying clause takes the particle [が].
The modifying clause placed before an N must be in the plain form. For Aな, replace [だ] with [な], and for N, replace [だ] with [の]. The modified N can be used in various sentence patterns. The subject within the modifying clause takes the particle [が].
Example Sentences (4)
東京へ 行かなかった 人
→ The person who did not go to Tokyo
先週 私が 見た 映画
→ The movie that I watched last week
これは ミラーさんが 住んでいた うちです。
→ This is the house where Mr. Miller lived.
これは ミラーさんが 作った ケーキです。
→ This is the cake that Mr. Miller made.
#2L22_G2
2. V Dictionary form ＋ じかん / ようじ / やくそく
Sentence Pattern
Vる + 時間 (thời gian)
Vる + 用事 (việc bận) / 約束 (cuộc hẹn)
Time / Errand / Appointment to do V...
To express the time to do something, place the dictionary form of a V before [じかん] (time). To express the content of an errand or appointment, place the dictionary form before [ようじ] (errand) and [やくそく] (promise/appointment).
To express the time to do something, place the dictionary form of a V before [じかん] (time). To express the content of an errand or appointment, place the dictionary form before [ようじ] (errand) and [やくそく] (promise/appointment).
Example Sentences (3)
私は 朝ごはんを 食べる 時間が ありません。
→ I don't have time to eat breakfast.
友達と 映画を 見る 約束が あります。
→ I have a promise/appointment to watch a movie with a friend.
昨日は 市役所へ 行く 用事が ありました。
→ Yesterday, I had an errand to go to the city hall.
