Minna no Nihongo Grammar Lesson 5: Movement, transportation, dates.

Lesson 5: Movement, transportation, dates.

Beginner 1 (N5)
Minna no Nihongo (Classic) • 6 key grammar patterns
6 key grammar patterns
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1. Verbs of Movement (Go, Come, Return)

Sentence Pattern
行いきます
来きます
帰かえります
いきます: to go. きます: to come. かえります: to return/go home.
Example Sentences (2)
今いま、私わたし 学校がっこうに 来きました。

→ I just came to school.

今朝けさ、学校がっこうへ 行いきました。

→ I went to school this morning.

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2. Particle へ (Direction)

Sentence Pattern
N (địa điểm) + へ + 行いきます
N (địa điểm) + へ + 来きます
N (địa điểm) + へ + 帰かえります
Go / come / return to N (place). Used to express movement towards a place. When a verb of movement is used, the particle へ is placed after the noun indicating direction or place. Pronounced as 'e'.
Example Sentences (3)
長崎ながさきへ 行いきます。

→ I will go to Nagasaki.

ブラジルへ 来きました。

→ I came to Brazil.

国くにへ 帰かえります。

→ I will return to my country.

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3. Particle も (Complete Negation)

Sentence Pattern
どこ（へ）も + 行いきません
どこ（へ）も + 行いきませんでした
Not going anywhere! Used with a question word and a negative verb to completely deny everything in that category.
Example Sentences (3)
どこへも 行いきません。

→ I am not going anywhere.

何なにも 食たべません。

→ I will not eat anything.

誰だれも いません。

→ There is no one.

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4. Particle で (Means of Transportation)

Sentence Pattern
N (phương tiện giao thông) + で + 行いきます
N (phương tiện giao thông) + で + 来きます
N (phương tiện giao thông) + で + 帰かえります
How do you go/come/return? The particle で indicates the means or method of an action. When walking, use あるいて without で.
Example Sentences (2)
電車でんしゃで 行いきます。

→ I will go by train.

タクシーで 来きました。

→ I came by taxi.

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5. Particle と (Accompaniment)

Sentence Pattern
N (người / động vật) + と + V
Doing something with someone/an animal. When doing an action alone, use ひとりで without the particle と.
Example Sentences (2)
家族かぞくと 日本にほんへ 来きました。

→ I came to Japan with my family.

一人ひとりで 東京とうきょうへ 行いきます。

→ I will go to Tokyo alone.

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6. Question Word いつ (When)

Sentence Pattern
いつ + N (địa điểm) + へ + Vます + か

Meaning: いつ asks “when”.
✓ When いつ itself functions as the time question word, do not put に directly after it.
✓ To ask when someone goes/comes to a place, use いつ + N (place) + へ + Vますか.

Example Sentences (4)
いつ 日本にほんへ 来きましたか。

→ When did you come to Japan?

3月25日3がつ25にちに 来きました。

→ I came on March 25th.

いつ 広島ひろしまへ 行いきますか。

→ When will you go to Hiroshima?

来週らいしゅう 行いきます。

→ I will go next week.

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