4 key grammar patterns
#1L31_G1
1. Volitional Form Conjugation
Sentence Pattern
Ⅰ : V (い段) → V (お段) + う
Ⅱ : Vます + よう
Ⅲ : きます → こよう / します → しよう
Let's ~.
The volitional form is the plain form of [～ましょう], used for casual invitations. Group I: Change the last sound of the [ます] form to the [お] row and add [う]. Group II: Add [よう] to the [ます] stem. Group III: します becomes しよう, きます becomes こよう.
The volitional form is the plain form of [～ましょう], used for casual invitations. Group I: Change the last sound of the [ます] form to the [お] row and add [う]. Group II: Add [よう] to the [ます] stem. Group III: します becomes しよう, きます becomes こよう.
Example Sentences (1)
バス、 なかなか 来ないね。
じゃ、 タクシーで 行こう。
じゃ、 タクシーで 行こう。
→ The bus just isn't coming, is it? Well then, let's go by taxi.
#2L31_G2
2. V (意向形) ＋ と ＋ 思っています
Sentence Pattern
V (thể ý định) + と + 思 っています
Intend to / Thinking of ~.
Expresses the speaker's intention. The intention was formed before speaking and continues to the present. It can also be used to express the intention of a third party.
Expresses the speaker's intention. The intention was formed before speaking and continues to the present. It can also be used to express the intention of a third party.
Example Sentences (2)
週末は 海へ 行こうと 思っています。
→ I am thinking of going to the beach this weekend.
銀行へ 行こうと 思っています。
→ I am planning to go to the bank.
#3L31_G3
3. ～つもりです
Sentence Pattern
N + の + つもりです
Vる / Vない + つもりです
Plan to / Intend to ~.
Conveys a stronger and more definite intention than [V (Volitional form) ＋ と 思っています].
Conveys a stronger and more definite intention than [V (Volitional form) ＋ と 思っています].
Example Sentences (2)
今晩 どこへ 行きますか。
コンサートへ 行く つもりです。
コンサートへ 行く つもりです。
→ Where are you going tonight? I plan to go to a concert.
今年の 夏休みは 帰らない つもりです。
→ I do not plan to return to my home country this summer vacation.
#4L31_G4
4. ～予定です
Sentence Pattern
N + の + 予定 です
Vる / Vない + 予定 です
Schedule, plan.
Because it is an official plan or schedule, it is more certain and concrete than [V (Volitional form) ＋ と 思っています] and [～つもり].
Because it is an official plan or schedule, it is more certain and concrete than [V (Volitional form) ＋ と 思っています] and [～つもり].
Example Sentences (1)
高校を 卒業したら どうしますか。
ぼくは 大学に 入る 予定です。
ぼくは 大学に 入る 予定です。
→ What will you do after graduating from high school? I am scheduled/planning to enter university.
