2 key grammar patterns
#1L29_G1
1. Intransitive V & Vて います
Sentence Pattern
N + が + V (tự động từ・thể て) + います
N + は + V (tự động từ・thể て) + います
Expressing the current state or condition of an object.
Intransitive V express a condition or state not directly acted upon by a person; the subject is a phenomenon or object, usually taking the particle [が]. (In contrast, transitive V involve direct human action, take a human subject, and use the particle [を]). Using an intransitive V in the [て います] form describes the state of something. To emphasize the object, [が] can be replaced by [は] (often used with この, その, あの).
Intransitive V express a condition or state not directly acted upon by a person; the subject is a phenomenon or object, usually taking the particle [が]. (In contrast, transitive V involve direct human action, take a human subject, and use the particle [を]). Using an intransitive V in the [て います] form describes the state of something. To emphasize the object, [が] can be replaced by [は] (often used with この, その, あの).
Example Sentences (2)
窓が 割れています。
→ The window is broken.
私の 部屋の 窓は 割れています。
→ The window in my room is broken.
#2L29_G2
2. Vて ＋ しまいます / しまいました
Sentence Pattern
Vて + しまいます / しまいました
Completion / Regret.
Expresses the intention to completely finish an ongoing action (using しまいます). Expresses that an action has been fully completed or finished (using しまいました, often with 全部 or もう). Additionally, this pattern is used to express the speaker's perplexity or regret over something unfortunate that has happened.
Expresses the intention to completely finish an ongoing action (using しまいます). Expresses that an action has been fully completed or finished (using しまいました, often with 全部 or もう). Additionally, this pattern is used to express the speaker's perplexity or regret over something unfortunate that has happened.
Example Sentences (4)
明日までに レポートを 書いて しまいます。
→ I will finish writing the report by tomorrow.
宿題は もう やって しまいました。
→ I have already finished my homework.
お酒を 全部 飲んで しまいました。
→ I drank all the sake (alcohol).
パスポートを 無くして しまいました。
→ I accidentally lost my passport.
