6 key grammar patterns
#1L9_G1
1. Noun + が + あります / わかります
Sentence Pattern
N + が + あります
N + が + わかります
To have (possess) / to understand something.
The particle [が] is used with the Verbs [あります／わかります] to indicate the object of the action.
[あります] indicates possession and is used for inanimate objects, not for people or animals.
The particle [が] is used with the Verbs [あります／わかります] to indicate the object of the action.
[あります] indicates possession and is used for inanimate objects, not for people or animals.
Example Sentences (2)
私は 新しい 鞄が あります。
→ I have a new bag.
私は 日本語が 分かります。
→ I understand Japanese.
#2L9_G2
2. Noun + が + 好きです / 嫌いです / 上手です / 下手です
Sentence Pattern
N + が + すきです
N + が + きらいです
N + が + じょうずです
N + が + へたです
To like / dislike / be good at / be bad at something.
Adjectives such as [すきです / きらいです / じょうずです / へたです] also take the particle [が].
Adjectives such as [すきです / きらいです / じょうずです / へたです] also take the particle [が].
Example Sentences (2)
私の 友達は 豚肉が 嫌いです。
→ My friend dislikes pork.
私は 日本語が 下手です。
→ I am bad at Japanese.
#3L9_G3
3. どんな + Noun
Sentence Pattern
どんな + N
Means “what kind of...”.
Used to ask about the type, nature, or characteristics of a person, thing, or matter.
Used to ask about the type, nature, or characteristics of a person, thing, or matter.
Example Sentences (2)
どんな 飲み物が 好きですか。
→ What kind of drinks do you like?
ジュースが 好きです。
→ I like juice.
#4L9_G4
4. Adverbs of Degree/Quantity (よく / だいたい / たくさん / すこし / あまり / ぜんぜん)
Sentence Pattern
よく / だいたい / たくさん / すこし
あまり / ぜんぜん + V / A
Adverbs placed before verbs/adjectives to indicate degree (quality) or quantity.
Degree: よく (well), だいたい (mostly/roughly), すこし (a little), あまり (not very), ぜんぜん (not at all).
Quantity: たくさん (a lot), すこし (a few/a little), あまり (not much), ぜんぜん (none at all).
Degree: よく (well), だいたい (mostly/roughly), すこし (a little), あまり (not very), ぜんぜん (not at all).
Quantity: たくさん (a lot), すこし (a few/a little), あまり (not much), ぜんぜん (none at all).
Example Sentences (1)
日本語が 大体 分かります。
→ I roughly understand Japanese.
#5L9_G5
5. Sentence 1 から, Sentence 2
Sentence Pattern
Câu 1 から、Câu 2
Because...
Used to connect two sentences.
Sentence 1 expresses the reason for Sentence 2.
Used to connect two sentences.
Sentence 1 expresses the reason for Sentence 2.
Example Sentences (1)
時間が ありませんから、本を 読みません。
→ Because I have no time, I do not read books.
#6L9_G6
6. どうして
Sentence Pattern
どうして
Why.
Used to ask for a reason, and when answering, we add [から] at the end of the sentence.
Used to ask for a reason, and when answering, we add [から] at the end of the sentence.
Example Sentences (2)
どうして 今日は 早く 帰りますか。
→ Why are you going home early today?
用事が ありますから。
→ Because I have some errands.
