4 key grammar patterns
#1L42_G1
1. ～ために (In order to / For the sake of)
Sentence Pattern
N の / Vる + ために、～
Used to indicate purpose or benefit: In order to ~, for ~.
It is used with volitional Vs and requires the subject of both clauses to be the same person.
It is used with volitional Vs and requires the subject of both clauses to be the same person.
Example Sentences (2)
自分の 店を 持つ ために、貯金して います。
→ I am saving money in order to open my own shop.
家族の ために、うちを 建てます。
→ I will build a house for my family.
#2L42_G2
2. ～のに / ～に (Used for / Useful for / In order to)
Sentence Pattern
N に / Vる のに、～
Indicates purpose or utility.
What something is used for, what it is convenient for, or how much time/money is needed for something.
What something is used for, what it is convenient for, or how much time/money is needed for something.
Example Sentences (2)
この はさみは 花を 切るのに 使います。
→ These scissors are used for cutting flowers.
この かばんは 大きくて、旅行に 便利です。
→ This bag is big, so it is convenient for traveling.
#3L42_G3
3. Particles は / も (Emphasizing Quantity)
Sentence Pattern
từ chỉ số lượng + は
từ chỉ số lượng + も
[は] expresses the minimum amount estimated by the speaker (at least...).
[も] expresses that the speaker feels the number or quantity is large (as much as...).
[も] expresses that the speaker feels the number or quantity is large (as much as...).
Example Sentences (2)
日本で 結婚するのに、200万円は 要ります。
→ In Japan, you need at least 2 million yen to get married.
うちを 立てるのに 3000万円も 必要なのです。
→ To build a house, it takes as much as 30 million yen.
#4L42_G4
4. Difference between [ために] and [ように]
Sentence Pattern
Sự khác nhau giữa 「ために」 / 「ように」
Both express purpose ('In order to').
Differences:
- [ために]: Requires the SAME subject in both clauses and is only used with volitional Vs (actions you can control).
- [ように]: Can be used when the subjects are DIFFERENT, and is used with non-volitional Vs (potential Vs, intransitive Vs, states).
Differences:
- [ために]: Requires the SAME subject in both clauses and is only used with volitional Vs (actions you can control).
- [ように]: Can be used when the subjects are DIFFERENT, and is used with non-volitional Vs (potential Vs, intransitive Vs, states).
Example Sentences (2)
家族の ために、うちを 建てます。
→ [ために] I will build a house for my family.
風邪を 引かない ように、セーターを 着ます。
→ [ように] I wear a sweater so that I won't catch a cold (state).
